Nokea
Which medication is prescribed to prevent uric acid stones?
- A. Hydrochlorothiazide.
- B. Allopurinol.
- C. Potassium citrate.
- D. Acetaminophen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol reduces uric acid levels, preventing stone formation.
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A client with multiple sclerosis (MS) is receiving baclofen (Lioresal). The nurse determines that the drug is effective when it achieves which of the following?
- A. Induces sleep.
- B. Stimulates the client's appetite.
- C. Relieves muscular spasticity.
- D. Reduces the urine bacterial count.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used in MS to relieve spasticity, its primary therapeutic effect. It does not induce sleep, stimulate appetite, or reduce bacterial counts.
Several clients have come to the emergency department after a possible bioterrorist act of arsenic overexposure. The nurse should assess these clients for which signs or symptoms immediately following the poisoning? Select all that apply.
- A. Violent vomiting.
- B. Severe diarrhea.
- C. Abdominal pain.
- D. Sensory neuropathy.
- E. Persistent cough.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Arsenic poisoning typically presents with acute gastrointestinal symptoms such as violent vomiting, severe diarrhea, and abdominal pain due to its toxic effects on the digestive system. Sensory neuropathy and persistent cough are less common immediate symptoms.
A client who has undergone a subtotal thyroidectomy is subject to complications in the first 48 hours after surgery. The nurse should obtain and keep at the bedside equipment to:
- A. Begin total parenteral nutrition.
- B. Start a cutdown infusion.
- C. Administer tube feedings.
- D. Perform a tracheotomy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tracheotomy equipment is essential due to the risk of airway obstruction from swelling or hemorrhage post-thyroidectomy.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate incorporating into the client's plan of care when hepatic encephalopathy initially develops?
- A. Inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube.
- B. Restricting fluids to 1,000 mL/day.
- C. Administering I.V. salt-poor albumin.
- D. Implementing a low-protein diet.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low-protein diet (D) reduces ammonia production in hepatic encephalopathy. NG tubes (A), fluid restriction (B), and albumin (C) are not primary interventions.
A daughter is concerned that her mother is in denial when discussing her diagnosis of breast cancer because she sometimes says that breast cancer isn't that serious and changes the subject. The nurse informs the daughter that denial can be a healthy defense mechanism if it is used:
- A. To permit her mother to seek unconventional treatments.
- B. When making decisions about her care.
- C. Alone and not in combination with other defense mechanisms.
- D. To allow her mother to continue in her role as a mother.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Denial can be healthy if it allows the client to maintain normal roles (e.g., as a mother) while gradually processing the diagnosis, as long as it doesn't interfere with treatment.