Nokea
Which muscular tube carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
- A. Nephron
- B. Ureter
- C. Urethra
- D. Glomerulus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ureter. The ureter is the muscular tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and producing urine. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries in the nephron where filtration of blood occurs.
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What force keeps a car moving along a curved road?
- A. Gravitational force
- B. Normal force from the road
- C. Air resistance
- D. Friction between the tires and the road
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Friction between the tires and the road. When a car travels along a curved road, the friction between the tires of the car and the road provides the necessary centripetal force required to keep the car moving in the curved path. This friction allows the tires to grip the road and prevent the car from sliding off the curve due to inertia or momentum. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because gravitational force, normal force from the road, and air resistance do not play a significant role in keeping a car moving along a curved road. While these forces may have other effects on the car's motion, they are not the primary force responsible for maintaining the car's trajectory along a curve.
Which dome-shaped muscular structure separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity?
- A. Diaphragm
- B. Sternum
- C. Pericardium
- D. Trachea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The diaphragm is the correct answer. It is a dome-shaped muscular structure that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. The diaphragm plays a crucial role in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change thoracic volume during inhalation and exhalation. The sternum is a flat bone in the center of the chest and is not the structure that separates the chest and abdominal cavities. The pericardium is a membrane that surrounds the heart, not involved in separating cavities. The trachea is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi and is not the structure that separates the chest and abdominal cavities.
Where is the major site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system?
- A. Mouth
- B. Stomach
- C. Small intestine
- D. Large intestine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The small intestine is recognized as the major site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food. The small intestine's villi and microvilli provide a large surface area specialized for absorbing nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. This efficient absorption process is essential for supplying the body with the necessary nutrients for energy production, growth, and overall functioning. The mouth is primarily involved in the initial stages of digestion through mechanical and chemical breakdown of food. The stomach aids in further mechanical and chemical digestion but is not the primary site for nutrient absorption. The large intestine's main function is to absorb water and electrolytes, not nutrients.
What is the term for a solution that has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution?
- A. Saturated solution
- B. Unsaturated solution
- C. Dilute solution
- D. Concentrated solution
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An unsaturated solution is the term used for a solution that has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution. In an unsaturated solution, more solute could still be dissolved. The other options are incorrect. A saturated solution (A) contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved and is in equilibrium with undissolved solute. A dilute solution (C) has a low concentration of solute, but it does not imply a comparison to another solution. A concentrated solution (D) has a high concentration of solute compared to the solvent, which is opposite to what is described in the question.
As a water wave approaches a shallow beach, what happens to its speed, wavelength, and frequency?
- A. Speed increases, wavelength decreases, frequency increases.
- B. Speed decreases, wavelength decreases, frequency remains the same.
- C. Speed increases, wavelength increases, frequency decreases.
- D. Speed, wavelength, and frequency remain the same.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: As a water wave approaches a shallow beach, the speed of the wave decreases due to the change in medium from deep to shallow water. According to the wave equation (speed = frequency x wavelength), if the speed decreases and the frequency remains the same, the wavelength must also decrease to maintain the equation balanced. This phenomenon occurs due to the wavefronts being slowed down by the shallower water, causing the wavelength to decrease while the frequency remains constant. Choice A is incorrect as the speed of the wave decreases in shallow water. Choice C is incorrect because the speed increases in deep water, not in shallow water. Choice D is incorrect as all the wave characteristics change when moving from deep to shallow water.