Nokea
Which must a patient undergo before a bone marrow transplant?
- A. A thorough nutritional plan to support new marrow
- B. Chemotherapy to eradicate malignant bone marrow cells
- C. A physical therapy program to strengthen the body
- D. Inhalation therapy to reduce possible pathogens in the lungs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Before the actual marrow transplant, the patient must undergo chemotherapy to kill all the marrow cells and the leukemic cells. The patient is at a major risk for infection at this time.
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The nurse expects the plan of care for a patient with leukemia to focus on which aspect of care?
- A. Prevention of abnormal clotting
- B. Promotion of mobility activities
- C. Frequent transfusions of plasma
- D. Prevention of infectious diseases
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The white blood cells are abnormal and not functioning well with leukemia, therefore, prevention of infection is a priority of care. A lack of platelets is seen with leukemia, causing excessive bleeding, not abnormal clotting. Promoting mobility is not a priority of care with leukemia. Plasma transfusions are not associated with care of a patient with leukemia.
A child with hemophilia is hospitalized with hemarthrosis. Which should the nurse caring for that child expect to implement when following the plan of care?
- A. Use analgesia sparingly.
- B. Apply warm compresses to reduce hemorrhages in the joint.
- C. Encourage vigorous joint movement exercises to keep the joints flexible.
- D. Reinforce instructions to receive factor VIII infusions prophylactically
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prophylactic infusions of factor VIII reduce episodes of hemarthrosis.
Which patient statement from a 15-year-old girl with thrombocytopenia would require more assessment to report to the charge nurse?
- A. I think these red spots on my skin are going away.'
- B. I am so bored lying in bed I could scream.'
- C. I can't tell if the corticosteroids are helping.'
- D. I started my menstrual period this morning.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Menstrual losses may be severe with a low platelet count. The nurse should assess the amount of bleeding to report to the charge nurse.
The nurse is aware that a person with Hodgkin disease, who has two or more abnormal lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm and cancer extending locally from one lymph node area into a nearby organ, would be in which stage?
- A. stage I.
- B. stage II.
- C. stage III.
- D. stage IV.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stage II indicates that there are two or more abnormal lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm and cancer that extends from a lymph node area into a nearby organ.
Which event causes the kidney to produce erythropoietin?
- A. Decreased erythrocytes
- B. Decreased oxygen levels
- C. Extensive systemic infection
- D. Excessive circulating clotting factor
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When oxygen levels are low, the kidney produces a hormone known as erythropoietin.