Nokea
Which nerve is primarily responsible for the neural control of the gastric phase, including the stimulation of gastric secretions?
- A. Facial nerve
- B. Vagus nerve
- C. Glossopharyngeal nerve
- D. Spinal accessory nerve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is the primary nerve responsible for parasympathetic control of the stomach, stimulating gastric secretions and motility during the gastric phase.
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Kupffer cells are found in :
- A. Liver
- B. Kidney
- C. Heart
- D. Blood
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kupffer cells are macrophages found in the liver, involved in breaking down red blood cells.
Match: Monosaccharide
- A. simplest component of a carbohydrate
- B. building block of proteins
- C. component of nucleic acids
- D. form of stored energy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monosaccharides, such as glucose, are the simplest units of carbohydrates and serve as immediate energy sources.
Which is the possible cause of a urinary tract infection?
- A. bacteria in the urinary system
- B. calcium buildup in the kidney
- C. prostate enlargement
- D. kidney stones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacteria in the urinary system are the most common cause of urinary tract infections.
Process of absorption of nutrients is carried out by
- A. Passive transport
- B. Facilitated transport
- C. Active transport
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrient absorption involves passive, facilitated, and active transport mechanisms.
What are the substrate and end-products of digestion by the enzyme lipase?
- A. substrate: triglycerides, end-products: fatty acids and glycerol
- B. substrate: proteins, end-products: amino acids
- C. substrate: carbohydrates, end-products: monosaccharides
- D. substrate: nucleic acids, end-products: nucleotides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lipase acts on triglycerides, breaking them down into fatty acids and glycerol.