Nokea
The patient with DM has flu.
Which nursing action is more appropriate?
- A. Frequent monitoring of blood glucose.
- B. Expected increase in the patient insulin requirement.
- C. Implement respiratory isolation.
- D. Monitor the patient's respiratory status frequently.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flu can disrupt glucose control, making frequent monitoring critical.
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The nurse should explain to a client that tolbutamide (Orinase) is effective for diabetics who
- A. can no longer produce any insulin.
- B. produce minimal amounts of insulin.
- C. are unable to administer their injections.
- D. have a sustained decreased blood glucose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tolbutamide, an oral hypoglycemic, is effective for type 2 diabetes patients who produce minimal insulin, stimulating insulin release. Type 1 diabetics (A) produce no insulin, injection inability (C) is irrelevant, and low blood glucose (D) is not an indication for tolbutamide.
Physical findings commonly seen in hypothyroidism include:
Coarse hair, thin brittle nails
- A. Malnourished appearance, alopecia
- B. Tachycardia, hyperreflexia
- C. Confusion, stupor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarse hair and thin brittle nails are classic signs of hypothyroidism due to decreased metabolic rate.
What finding signifies that children have attained the stage of concrete operations (Piaget)?
- A. Explores the environment with the use of sight and movement
- B. Thinks in mental images or word pictures
- C. Makes the moral judgment that 'stealing is wrong'
- D. Reasons that homework is time-consuming yet necessary
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The stage of concrete operations is depicted by logical thinking and moral judgments.
A patient with Alzheimer's disease is admitted with suspected dehydration after his daughter reports that he's refused to drink anything for the past 3 days.
Which lab result is most expected with dehydration?
- A. Urine specific gravity of 1.005.
- B. Serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L.
- C. Hematocrit of 38%
- D. Elevated WBC
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypernatremia (elevated sodium) is expected in dehydration due to water loss.
Priority nursing diagnosis on the patient who was admitted with acute renal failure
Priority nursing diagnosis on the patient who was admitted with acute renal failure would be:
- A. Bed rest to conserve oxygen.
- B. Increase fluid intake to promote urination.
- C. Fatigue due to altered nutrition.
- D. Dehydration secondary to diuresis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fatigue due to altered nutrition is a priority in acute renal failure as it reflects metabolic imbalances and nutritional deficits.