Nokea
Which nursing instruction is correct for the parents of a child who has a vitamin D deficiency?
- A. Give the child cod liver oil daily.
- B. Give the child orange juice daily.
- C. Apply sunblock to the child before sun exposure.
- D. Keep the child indoors during daylight hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cod liver oil is a rich source of vitamin D, essential for correcting vitamin D deficiency and supporting bone health.
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23 years old primigravida presents to you at fourteen weeks of gestation. She is concerned about normality of fetus. At what time you will advice her detailed fetal anomaly scan:
- A. 22-24 weeks.
- B. 14-16 weeks.
- C. 18-22 weeks.
- D. 10-14 weeks.
- E. 24-28 weeks.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A detailed fetal anomaly scan is typically performed between 18-22 weeks of gestation as this is the optimal time to visualize fetal anatomy clearly. Earlier scans (10-14 weeks) are for nuchal translucency and later scans may miss the window for detailed structural assessment.
The nurse is caring for the newborn infant. Which initial measures should the nurse take to maintain the newborn’s axillary body temperature between 97.7°F (36.5°C) and 98.9°F (37.2°C)? Select all that apply.
- A. Carefully dry the infant immediately after birth.
- B. Place the infant skin-to-skin with the mother.
- C. Apply leggings to both of the newborn’s legs.
- D. Cover the infant’s head with a stocking cap.
- E. Place the infant in a bassinette close to the wall.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Drying the newborn prevents heat loss through evaporation. Skin-to-skin contact with the mother assists in maintaining body temperature. A stocking cap conserves heat. Leggings are unnecessary and placing the bassinette near a wall causes radiation heat loss.
Which nursing action should be avoided when giving care to a child diagnosed with Wilms' tumor?
- A. Palpating the child's abdomen
- B. Collecting a catheterized urine sample
- C. Assessing pupillary reflex with a penlight
- D. Eliciting a patellar reflex with a reflex hammer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Palpating the abdomen in a child with Wilms' tumor risks dislodging tumor cells, potentially causing metastasis, and should be avoided to ensure safety.
After assisting in the delivery of a full-term infant with anencephaly,the parents ask the nurse to explain treatments that might be available for their infant. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
- A. Immediate surgery is necessary to repair the congenital defect.
- B. Anencephaly is incompatible with life; only palliative care should be provided.
- C. A shunting procedure will be necessary initially to relieve intracranial pressure.
- D. Antibiotics are needed initially before any treatment is started.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anencephaly lacking cerebral hemispheres and skull is incompatible with life warranting only palliative care. Surgery shunting or antibiotics cannot correct it.
The nurse assesses that the full-term newborn’s head has molding. Considering this finding,which information should the nurse expect to see on the mother’s labor and delivery documentation?
- A. Vaginal breech birth
- B. Planned cesarean birth,no labor
- C. Was in labor for 16 hours
- D. Precipitous delivery after a 30-minute labor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 16-hour labor causes molding due to prolonged pressure of the fetal head against the cervix. Breech births cesarean sections or short labors produce minimal or no molding.