Nokea
Which of the ff adverse reactions may occur when a client is taking danazol (Danocrine) for fibrocystic breast disease?
- A. Nausea
- B. Amenorrhea
- C. Confusion
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Danazol (Danocrine) is a synthetic androgen that is used to treat conditions such as fibrocystic breast disease. One of the known adverse effects of danazol is the development of amenorrhea, which refers to the absence of menstrual periods. This occurs because danazol suppresses ovarian function by inhibiting the release of gonadotropins, leading to decreased production of estrogen and progesterone. Amenorrhea associated with danazol use is typically reversible upon discontinuation of the medication. Nausea, confusion, and hypotension are not common adverse reactions associated with danazol use for fibrocystic breast disease.
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The nurse is caring for an infant with a suspected urinary tract infection. Which clinical manifestations should be expected? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Vomiting
- B. Jaundice
- C. Failure to gain weight
- D. Swelling of the face
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A urinary tract infection (UTI) in an infant may present with symptoms such as vomiting and failure to gain weight. Vomiting can be a common sign of UTI in infants due to irritation and inflammation in the urinary tract. Additionally, infants with UTIs may experience poor feeding and failure to gain weight due to the discomfort and systemic effects of the infection. While symptoms like jaundice, swelling of the face, back pain, and persistent diaper rash can be seen in other conditions, they are not typically associated with a urinary tract infection in infants.
A parent of a child with glomerulonephritis asks why the urine is discolored. Which is the best response?
- A. It is not uncommon when children take steroids and BP medications.
- B. There is blood in your child's urine, which causes it to be tea-colored.
- C. The urine is concentrated.
- D. A ketogenic diet can cause tea-colored urine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) is a common finding in glomerulonephritis and causes a tea-colored appearance.
By the age of 7 months, the infant is able to do all the following EXCEPT
- A. transfer object from hand to hand
- B. actively bounces
- C. uses radial palm grasp
- D. roll over
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rolling over is usually achieved earlier, by 4-6 months, while other skills are typical for 7 months.
The patient asks the nurse, "What is hypertension?" Which of the following is the best response to explain hypertension?
- A. "It is measured as the heart pumps blood into the arteries."
- B. "It is higher than normal on two separate occasions."
- C. "It is regulated by stress, activity, and emotions."
- D. "It is determined by peripheral vascular resistance."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. The definition provided in choice B, "It is higher than normal on two separate occasions," accurately captures the concept of hypertension. A diagnosis of hypertension typically requires blood pressure measurements to be consistently elevated on at least two separate occasions to rule out temporary spikes in blood pressure. This distinction is essential in diagnosing and managing hypertension effectively to prevent complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems. Choices A, C, and D do not capture the defining characteristic of hypertension as clearly as choice B.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a client with multiple myeloma?
- A. Monitoring respiratory status
- B. Restricting fluid intake
- C. Balancing rest and activity
- D. Preventing bone injury
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: One of the primary concerns in clients with multiple myeloma is bone damage and fractures due to weakened bones caused by the disease. Preventing bone injury is a crucial nursing intervention to focus on for these clients. Measures to prevent bone injury include implementing fall precautions, encouraging safe mobility, providing supportive devices such as walkers or canes, and educating the client on strategies to prevent falls and fractures. Additionally, pain management and regular assessment for signs of bone damage are essential in caring for clients with multiple myeloma. Other interventions such as monitoring respiratory status, balancing rest and activity, and restricting fluid intake may be important in certain situations for these clients but preventing bone injury takes precedence due to the increased risk of skeletal complications associated with multiple myeloma.