Nokea
Which of the ff is the best dietary advice to maximize the immune function in healthy people?
- A. Include immune enhancing formulas
- B. Avoid polyunsaturated fatty acids
- C. Increase intake of essential fatty acids and omega 3 fatty acids
- D. Follow a balanced and varied diet CARING FOR CLIENT WITH IMMUNE MEDIATED DISORDERS
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Following a balanced and varied diet is the best dietary advice to maximize immune function in healthy individuals. A balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-dense foods provides the necessary vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and macronutrients to support overall health and immune function. This approach ensures that the body receives a wide range of nutrients that are essential for optimal immune system functioning.
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The nurse is teaching nursing students about childhood skin lesions. Which is an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid?
- A. Cyst
- B. Papule
- C. Pustule
- D. Vesicle
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A vesicle is an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid. Serous fluid is a clear, watery fluid that can accumulate within the vesicle. Vesicles are commonly seen in conditions such as herpes simplex virus infections (cold sores) and contact dermatitis. It is important for nursing students to understand the characteristics of different skin lesions to accurately assess and provide appropriate care for patients.
Before, during and after seizure. The nurse knows that the patient is ALWAYS placed in what position?
- A. Low fowler's
- B. Modified trendelenburg
- C. Side lying
- D. Supine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct position to place a patient before, during, and after a seizure is on their side, also known as the recovery position. Placing the patient in the side-lying position helps prevent aspiration if the patient vomits and ensures that the airway remains open. This position also helps to prevent choking and allows for drainage of fluids from the mouth. Additionally, it reduces the risk of airway obstruction and helps to maintain proper alignment of the head, neck, and spine. By placing the patient in the side-lying position, the nurse can ensure the patient's safety and well-being during and after a seizure episode.
Choose the condition that exhibits blood values with a low pH and a high PCO :
- A. Respiratory acidosis
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Respiratory alkalosis
- D. Metaboliâ‚‚c alkalosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is a condition characterized by elevated levels of carbon dioxide (high PCOâ‚‚) and decreased blood pH (low pH) due to inadequate ventilation leading to the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the body. The excess carbon dioxide reacts with water in the blood to form carbonic acid, resulting in a decrease in pH. This is in contrast to metabolic acidosis, which is characterized by an accumulation of acids other than carbon dioxide, leading to a low blood pH. Respiratory alkalosis would present with a low PCOâ‚‚ and high pH, while metabolic alkalosis features a high pH and elevated bicarbonate levels due to non-respiratory causes.
The nurse is conducting an assessment on a school-age child with urosepsis. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Fever with a positive blood culture
- B. Proteinuria and edema
- C. Oliguria and hypertension
- D. Anemia and thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a school-age child with urosepsis, the nurse should expect the assessment finding of fever with a positive blood culture. Urosepsis is a severe infection in the urinary tract that has spread to the bloodstream, causing systemic symptoms such as fever. Positive blood cultures indicate the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, confirming the diagnosis of sepsis. Other common symptoms of urosepsis may include chills, rapid heart rate, increased respiratory rate, and altered mental status. Proteinuria and edema (choice B) are more indicative of kidney disorders such as nephrotic syndrome rather than urosepsis. Oliguria and hypertension (choice C) may be seen in conditions like acute kidney injury but are not specific to urosepsis. Anemia and thrombocytopenia (choice D) are more characteristic of conditions such as hemolytic uremic syndrome rather than urosepsis.
Childhood primary brain stem tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors; the outcome usually depends on the tumor location. Which tumor, depending on the site of tumor, carries the worst prognosis?
- A. focal dorsally exophytic
- B. cervicomedullary diffuse intrinsic
- C. none of the above
- D. diffuse intrinsic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) have the worst prognosis among brainstem tumors.