Nokea
Which of the ff is the main reason why older clients with AIDS need more care than their younger counterparts?
- A. Because the older clients lack balanced diet and activity
- B. Because older clients lack knowledge about disorders
- C. Because older clients have a faster progression of disease
- D. Because older clients do not generally adhere to a therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main reason why older clients with AIDS need more care than their younger counterparts is because older clients have a faster progression of the disease. As a person ages, their immune system tends to weaken, making them more vulnerable to infections and complications from diseases like AIDS. Older individuals may have decreased immune function and lower resilience when combating HIV-related complications compared to younger clients. This faster disease progression necessitates more frequent monitoring, specialized care, and management strategies tailored to the specific needs of older patients with AIDS. Therefore, older clients with AIDS require more support, medical attention, and comprehensive care to address their complex health needs effectively.
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Minda, a 65-year old female has been admitted with a left hemisphere stroke. Which behavioral change would the nurse expect to find upon assessment?
- A. impulsive, unsafe activity
- B. motor deficits on the right eye
- C. motor deficits on the left side of the body
- D. error in word choices
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A left hemisphere stroke typically affects the right side of the body due to the way the brain controls motor functions. Since the left hemisphere is also responsible for language and speech processing, patients with a left hemisphere stroke commonly exhibit errors in word choices, difficulty speaking or understanding language, aphasia, and other language-related impairments. This is known as Broca's aphasia or expressive aphasia. Therefore, the nurse would expect to find errors in word choices as a behavioral change in a patient like Minda with a left hemisphere stroke.
A client suspected of having colorectal cancer will require which diagnostic study to confirm the diagnosis?
- A. Stool hematest
- B. Abdominal computed tomography (CT)
- C. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) scan
- D. Sigmoidoscopy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic study that allows direct visualization of the lower part of the colon and rectum using a flexible tube with a camera at its end, called a sigmoidoscope. This procedure enables the healthcare provider to visually inspect the lining of the colon and rectum, identify any abnormal growths, such as tumors or polyps, and obtain tissue samples for biopsy if necessary. In the case of suspected colorectal cancer, sigmoidoscopy is crucial for confirming the diagnosis by directly visualizing any cancerous lesions or abnormal tissue changes in the colon and rectum. Other diagnostic tests, such as stool hematest, abdominal CT, and CEA scan, may aid in the evaluation and staging of colorectal cancer but are not as effective in confirming the diagnosis as sigmoidoscopy. Thus, sigmoidoscopy is the preferred diagnostic study for definitively diagnosing colorectal cancer in a client suspected of having the disease.
The developmental age of a child who continues to search for a hidden subject has achieved
- A. 7 months
- B. 9 months
- C. 11 months
- D. 13 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Object permanence is typically achieved around 9 months.
Mang Simon, a hypertensive male client was prescribed with an exercise program. Which intervention would help Mang Simon in maintaining this program?
- A. writing down the exercise program
- B. thoroughly explaining the program to his wife, Aling Nena
- C. Motivating him positively that he can do it
- D. Doing it according to his needs and abilities
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Doing the exercise program according to Mang Simon's needs and abilities is the most appropriate intervention to help ensure his compliance and adherence to the program. By tailoring the exercise program to fit his personal limitations and capabilities, Mang Simon will be more likely to engage in physical activities without risking injury or overwhelming his body. Adjusting the intensity, duration, and type of exercises to suit his individual health condition is crucial in promoting his overall well-being and successfully managing his hypertension. This personalized approach will help him feel more confident and motivated to continue with the exercise program in the long term.
A client has an abnormal result on a Papanicolaou test. After admitting that she read her chart while the nurse was out of the room, the client asks what dysplasia means. Which definition should the nurse provide?
- A. Presence of completely undifferentiated tumor cells that don't resemble cells of the tissues of their origin
- B. Increase in the number of normal cells in a normal arrangement in a tissue or an organ
- C. Replacement of one type of fully differentiated cell by another in tissues where the second type normally isn't found
- D. Alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dysplasia refers to an alteration in the size, shape, and organization of differentiated cells. It indicates abnormal changes in the cells that can be a precursor to cancer. In the context of a Papanicolaou test, the presence of dysplasia may suggest abnormal cell growth in the cervix, which can potentially develop into cervical cancer if left untreated. It is important for the client to follow up with healthcare providers for further evaluation and management if dysplasia is detected.