Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank

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Which of the ff. would the nurse explain to the patient is the triad of symptoms associated with Meniere's disease?

  • A. Hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus
  • B. Nausea, vomiting and pain
  • C. Nystagmus, headache and vomiting
  • D. Nystagmus, vomiting and pain
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear characterized by the triad of symptoms including hearing loss, vertigo (a spinning sensation), and tinnitus (ringing in the ear). These symptoms can occur episodically and may be associated with a feeling of fullness in the affected ear. Other symptoms such as nausea and vomiting may sometimes accompany the episodes of vertigo, but the classic triad of Meniere's disease consists of hearing loss, vertigo, and tinnitus. Nystagmus, headache, and pain are not typically part of the classic presentation of Meniere's disease.

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In fetal period, all are true EXCEPT

  • A. 10 weeks - midgut returns to abdomen
  • B. 12 weeks - external genitalia formed
  • C. 24 weeks - surfactant production begun
  • D. 26 weeks - face clearly recognizable
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Face recognition typically occurs earlier than 26 weeks.

As the nurse collects data on a patient, which of the following is a symptom that may be found that the patient with anaphylaxis may be experiencing?

  • A. Dermatitis
  • B. Sinusitis
  • C. Delirium
  • D. Wheezing
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Wheezing is a common symptom of anaphylaxis, along with other signs such as difficulty breathing, chest tightness, coughing, and throat swelling. Wheezing is caused by the constriction of the airways due to the body's extreme immune response to the allergen, leading to difficulty in breathing and wheezing sounds during respiration. It is important for healthcare professionals to recognize wheezing as a symptom of anaphylaxis and respond promptly with appropriate interventions, such as administering epinephrine and providing respiratory support.

A child with thalassemia was given deferoxamine (Desferal); which of the following should alert the nurse to notify the physician?

  • A. Decreased hearing
  • B. Hypertension
  • C. Red urine
  • D. Vomiting
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to treat iron overload in patients such as those with thalassemia. One of the serious side effects of deferoxamine is ototoxicity, which can manifest as decreased hearing or ringing in the ears. Therefore, if a child with thalassemia who is taking deferoxamine experiences a decrease in hearing, the nurse should promptly notify the physician for further evaluation and possible adjustment of the treatment plan to prevent further hearing damage. Hypertension, red urine, and vomiting are possible side effects of deferoxamine, but decreased hearing is the most concerning side effect that requires immediate attention due to the risk of permanent damage.

Of the following, the MOST likely cause of constipation is

  • A. hypothyroidism
  • B. Hirschsprung disease
  • C. functional constipation
  • D. celiac disease
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Functional constipation is the most common cause of constipation in children, often due to diet or behavioral factors.

The age by which the child can make a tower of 9 cubes and imitates circular stroke is

  • A. 24 months
  • B. 30 months
  • C. 36 months
  • D. 42 months
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: This milestone is typically achieved around 36 months.

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