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Which of the following actions best represents public health nursing?
- A. Assessing the effectiveness of the large high school health clinic
- B. Caring for clients in their home following their outpatient surgeries
- C. Providing care to children and their families at the school clinic
- D. Administering follow-up care for pediatric clients at an outpatient clinic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the effectiveness of the large high school health clinic aligns with the core principles of public health nursing. This action involves evaluating the impact of healthcare services on a population, addressing public health needs, and promoting health at a community level. Option B focuses on individual client care post-surgery, which is more aligned with home health nursing. Option C involves providing care at a school clinic, which is more focused on primary care nursing. Option D involves administering follow-up care for pediatric clients at an outpatient clinic, which is more related to pediatric nursing. Therefore, option A is the best representation of public health nursing as it involves a broader perspective on population health and healthcare services.
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Which statement accurately describes a large portion of foreign-born residents of the United States?
- A. They tend to live in major metropolitan areas.
- B. Most reside in rural areas.
- C. Few have a high school education.
- D. They are refugees and non-immigrants.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: They tend to live in major metropolitan areas. This is because major metropolitan areas offer more job opportunities, cultural diversity, and support services for foreign-born residents. Rural areas typically have fewer resources and job opportunities. Choice B is incorrect because most foreign-born residents do not reside in rural areas. Choice C is incorrect as many foreign-born residents do have a high school education or higher. Choice D is incorrect because foreign-born residents include a diverse group of individuals, not just refugees and non-immigrants.
A nurse has only a regular blood pressure cuff when conducting a health screening for all of the
- A. Reliability
- B. Sensitivity
- C. Specificity
- D. Validity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Specificity. Specificity refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those without a certain condition as negative. In this scenario, using a regular blood pressure cuff may not be specific enough to accurately identify individuals who do not have high blood pressure. The cuff may give false positive results, leading to unnecessary concern or further testing. The other choices are incorrect because: A - Reliability refers to the consistency of results, not the accuracy of identifying those without a condition. B - Sensitivity is the ability to correctly identify those with a certain condition as positive, not those without it. D - Validity is the overall accuracy of a test, which includes both sensitivity and specificity, but in this case, specificity is more relevant.
Why are nurses increasingly providing care in clients homes rather than in hospitals? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Home care is less expensive.
- B. It is much more efficient to give care in the home.
- C. Nurses prefer to give home care with individual attention.
- D. People prefer to receive care in their homes rather than in hospitals.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Home care is less expensive. This is because providing care in clients' homes eliminates the high costs associated with hospital stays, such as room charges, equipment use, and overhead expenses. Nurses can provide necessary care in a cost-effective manner by visiting clients in their homes.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Efficiency may vary depending on the situation, and home care may not always be more efficient.
C: While nurses may appreciate the individual attention aspect of home care, personal preference is not the primary reason for the shift.
D: While some people may prefer to receive care at home, this alone is not the main driver for the trend towards home care.
Which of the following public health nurses most clearly fulfills the responsibilities of this role?
- A. The nurse who met with several groups to discuss community recreation issues
- B. The nurse who spent the day attending meetings of various health agencies
- C. The nurse who talked to several people about their particular health concerns
- D. The nurse who watched the city council meeting on local cable television
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because meeting with community groups to discuss recreation issues aligns with the role of a public health nurse, promoting community health and well-being. This involves proactive engagement with the community to address health concerns at a broader level. Choice B, attending meetings, is important but does not directly fulfill the role of engaging with the community. Choice C, talking to individuals about health concerns, is more focused on individual health rather than community health. Choice D, watching a city council meeting, provides information but lacks active engagement with the community.
A nurse states that the client has exhibited an explicit cultural behavior. Which of the following has the nurse most likely observed?
- A. Verbal communication
- B. Body language
- C. Use of titles
- D. Perception of health and illness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use of titles. When a client uses specific titles such as "Doctor" or "Nurse" to address healthcare providers, it reflects their cultural behavior and beliefs. This demonstrates respect and hierarchy within their culture. Verbal communication (A) and body language (B) are important aspects of cultural behavior but may not always be explicit. Perception of health and illness (D) is more related to beliefs rather than explicit cultural behavior.