Nokea
Which of the following actions indicates a correct understanding of research principles?
- A. Select three intake charts from every Monday in a 30-day period
- B. Audit 100% of MARs from the first day of the month
- C. Select every third chart from the infirmary log until reaching 30
- D. Audit 100% of charting from the evening shift
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Selecting every third chart ensures a random and representative sample for research.
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What should a nursing assistant do if he spills a substance on his body?
- A. Immediately wash the area using the proper cleaning agent
- B. Ignore it unless it is painful or uncomfortable
- C. Finish cleaning the area before washing the spill off his body
- D. Find the nurse and ask her what to do
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because immediately washing the area using the proper cleaning agent is crucial to prevent any potential harm or irritation to the skin. Delaying the cleaning process can lead to further absorption of the substance or increased skin damage. Washing the area promptly helps to minimize the risk of adverse effects.
Summary of other choices:
B: Ignoring the spill can result in skin irritation, burns, or other complications.
C: Finishing cleaning the area first can prolong exposure to the substance, increasing the risk of harm.
D: Waiting to find the nurse can waste valuable time and potentially worsen the situation.
The brachial pulse is the pulse located
- A. On the arm inside the elbow
- B. On the arm inside the wrist
- C. On the left side of the chest
- D. On the right side of the chest
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: On the arm inside the elbow. The brachial pulse is found on the arm, specifically inside the elbow, where the brachial artery runs close to the surface. This location allows for easy palpation and accurate assessment of the pulse rate. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the brachial pulse is not located on the wrist (B), left side of the chest (C), or right side of the chest (D). Palpating the brachial pulse in the elbow area is crucial for assessing blood flow and circulation in the upper extremities.
One symptom of hyperthyroidism is
- A. Reduced perspiration
- B. Weight gain
- C. Slowed pulse
- D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased appetite. In hyperthyroidism, the overproduction of thyroid hormones can lead to an increased metabolic rate, causing individuals to feel constantly hungry. This results in increased appetite and potentially weight loss. Reduced perspiration (A), weight gain (B), and slowed pulse (C) are not symptoms typically associated with hyperthyroidism. Reduced perspiration is not a common symptom, weight gain is more indicative of hypothyroidism, and a slowed pulse is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism as well due to the decreased metabolic rate.
The normal respiration rate for adults is
- A. 8-30 breaths per minute
- B. 5-25 breaths per minute
- C. 2-20 breaths per minute
- D. 8-0 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 2-20 breaths per minute. The normal respiration rate for adults typically ranges between 12-20 breaths per minute at rest. This range ensures adequate oxygen supply to the body. Option A is incorrect because a rate of 8-30 breaths per minute is too broad and includes values outside the normal range. Option B is also incorrect as a rate of 5-25 breaths per minute is too broad and includes values outside the normal range. Option D is clearly incorrect as a rate of 8-0 breaths per minute is physiologically impossible. In summary, option C is correct because it falls within the normal range of adult respiration rates, providing a balanced explanation between adequacy of oxygen intake and restful state.
A condition in which the bronchi become permanently dilated is
- A. Bronchitis
- B. Bronchiectasis
- C. Asthma
- D. Pneumonia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bronchiectasis. Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by the permanent dilation of the bronchi due to chronic inflammation and damage to the airways. This leads to a build-up of mucus and recurrent infections. Bronchitis (choice A) is inflammation of the bronchial tubes but does not result in permanent dilation. Asthma (choice C) is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction but does not involve permanent dilation. Pneumonia (choice D) is an infection of the lungs and does not cause permanent bronchial dilation.