Nokea
Which of the following actions should the nurse teach to a patient to help prevent the recurrence of renal calculi?
- A. Use a filter to strain all urine.
- B. Avoid dietary sources of calcium.
- C. Drink diuretic fluids such as coffee.
- D. Have 2000-3000 ml of fluid a day.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A fluid intake of 2000-2200 ml daily is recommended to help flush out minerals before stones can form. Avoidance of calcium is not usually recommended for patients with renal calculi. Coffee tends to increase stone recurrence. There is no need for a patient to strain all urine routinely after a stone has passed, and this will not prevent stones.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a patient who has bladder cancer and had a cystectomy with creation of an Indiana pouch. Which of the following topics should the nurse include in patient teaching?
- A. Application of ostomy appliances
- B. Catheterization technique and schedule
- C. Analgesic use before emptying the pouch
- D. Use of barrier products for skin protection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Indiana pouch enables the patient to self-catheterize every 4-6 hours. There is no need for an ostomy device or barrier products. Catheterization of the pouch is not painful.
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient with impaired urinary elimination related to an UTI who weighs 70 kg. Which of the following daily fluid intake amounts should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. 650 mL
- B. 1250 mL
- C. 1800 mL
- D. 2450 mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The recommended daily liquid intake for the ambulatory adult is approximately 30 mL/kg body weight per day. Thus, a 70-kg person would require approximately 2100 mL each day. Among the options, 1800 mL is the closest appropriate amount to promote adequate urine output and prevent UTI recurrence.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is two days postoperative with an ileal conduit, and the patient will not look at the stoma or participate in care and insists that no one but the ostomy nurse specialist care for the stoma. Which of the following nursing diagnoses best reflects the data that the nurse has obtained?
- A. Anxiety related to threat to current status (effects of procedure on lifestyle)
- B. Disturbed body image related to alteration in self-perception
- C. Ineffective coping related to insufficient sense of control
- D. Ineffective denial related to ineffective coping strategies (denial of altered body function)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient's unwillingness to look at the stoma or participate in care indicates that disturbed body image is the best diagnosis. No data suggest that the impact on lifestyle is a concern for the patient, or that ineffective coping is a result of an insufficient sense of control. The patient's insistence that only the ostomy nurse care for the stoma indicates that denial is not present.
A patient who has had a transurethral resection with fulguration for bladder cancer 3 days previously calls the nurse at the urology clinic. Which of the following information given by the patient is most important to report to the health care provider?
- A. The patient is using opioids for pain.
- B. The patient has noticed clots in the urine.
- C. The patient is very anxious about the cancer.
- D. The patient is taking a 15-minute sitz bath twice a day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clots in the urine are not expected and require further follow-up. Sitz baths two to three times a day, use of opioids for pain, and anxiety are typical after this procedure.
The nurse is caring for a young adult female patient who is diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in teaching at this time?
- A. Importance of genetic counselling
- B. Complications of renal transplantation
- C. Methods for treating persistent and severe pain
- D. Differences between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because a young female patient may be considering having children, the nurse should include information about genetic counselling when teaching the patient. The well-managed patient will not need to choose between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis or know about the effects of transplantation for many years. There is no indication that the patient has persistent pain.