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Which of the following are true regarding mental health and mental illness?
- A. Behavior that may be viewed as acceptable in one culture is always unacceptable in other cultures.
- B. It is easy to determine if a person is mentally healthy or mentally ill.
- C. In most cases, mental health is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability.
- D. Persons who engage in fantasies are mentally ill.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: What one society may view as acceptable and appropriate behavior, another society may see that as maladaptive, and inappropriate. Mental health and mental illness are difficult to define precisely. In most cases, mental health is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability. Persons who engage in fantasies may be mentally healthy, but the inability to distinguish reality from fantasy is an individual factor that may contribute to mental illness.
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Before the period of the enlightenment, treatment of the mentally ill included
- A. Creating large institutions to provide custodial care.
- B. Focusing on religious education to improve their souls.
- C. Placing the mentally ill on display for the public's amusement.
- D. Providing a safe refuge or haven offering protection.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In 1775, visitors at St. Mary's of Bethlehem were charged a fee for viewing and ridiculing the mentally ill, who were seen as animals, less than human. Custodial care was not often provided, and primitive beliefs often led to harsh treatments like exorcisms or witch hunts.
Which one of the following is one of the American Nurses Association standards of practice for psychiatric mental health nursing?
- A. Prescriptive authority is granted to psychiatric mental health registered nurses.
- B. All aspects of Standard 5. Implementation may be carried out by psychiatric mental health registered nurses.
- C. Some aspects of Standard 5. Implementation may only be carried out by psychiatric mental health advanced practice nurses.
- D. Psychiatric mental health advanced practice nurses are the only ones who may provide milieu therapy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prescriptive authority is used by psychiatric mental health advanced practice registered nurses in accordance with state and federal laws and regulations. Some aspects of Standard 5 are advanced practice interventions and may be performed by the psychiatric mental health advanced practice registered nurse. Psychiatric mental health registered nurses may provide milieu therapy according to Standard 5c.
Which of the following is defined as an advanced-level function in the practice area of psychiatric mental health nursing?
- A. Case management
- B. Counseling
- C. Evaluation
- D. Health teaching
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Advanced-level functions are psychotherapy, prescriptive authority, consultation and liaison, evaluation, and program development and management. Case management, counseling, and health teaching are basic-level functions in the practice area of psychiatric mental health nursing.
Psychiatric nursing became a requirement in nursing education in which year?
- A. 1930
- B. 1940
- C. 1950
- D. 1960
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It was not until 1950 that the National League for Nursing, which accredits nursing programs, required schools to include an experience in psychiatric nursing.
Which one of the following is a result of federal legislation?
- A. Making it easier to commit people for mental health treatment against their will.
- B. Making it more difficult to commit people for mental health treatment against their will.
- C. State mental institutions being the primary source of care for mentally ill persons.
- D. Improved care for mentally ill persons.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Commitment laws changed in the early 1970s, making it more difficult to commit people for mental health treatment against their will. Deinstitutionalization accomplished the release of individuals from long-term stays in state institutions. Deinstitutionalization also had negative effects in that some mentally ill persons are subjected to the revolving door effect, which may limit care for mentally ill persons.