Nokea
Which of the following arterial blood gas values indicates a patient may be experiencing a condition of metabolic acidosis?
- A. PaO2 (90%)
- B. Bicarbonate 15
- C. CO(2) 47 mm Hg
- D. pH 7.34
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The bicarbonate value is below normal (15, normal range 22-26 mEq/L), indicating a condition of metabolic acidosis.
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A patient has just been prescribed Minipress to control hypertension. The nurse should instruct the patient to be observant of the following:
- A. Dizziness and light headed sensations
- B. Weight gain
- C. Sensory changes in the lower extremities
- D. Fatigue
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypotension may be result of over correction of a hypertensive condition.
When a nurse-midwife, performing a vaginal examination of a client who suspects that she is pregnant, documents the presence of the Chadwick sign, what does this indicate?
- A. That the cervix appears violet
- B. That cervical softening is present
- C. A positive sign of pregnancy
- D. A thinning of the cervix
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct interpretation of the Chadwick sign is that the cervix appears violet in color. This sign is a probable sign of pregnancy, characterized by the violet coloration of the cervix due to increased vascularity of the pelvic organs. It is not a definitive positive sign of pregnancy but rather a probable one. Choices B and D are incorrect as cervical softening is known as the Goodell sign, and thinning of the cervix is referred to as the Hegar sign. These signs are also probable signs of pregnancy, but they do not specifically indicate the Chadwick sign.
A month after receiving a blood transfusion, an immunocompromised client develops fever, liver abnormalities, a rash, and diarrhea. The nurse should suspect this client has:
- A. nothing related to the blood transfusion.
- B. graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
- C. myelosuppression.
- D. an allergic response to a recent medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GVHD occurs when white blood cells in donor blood attack the tissues of an immunocompromised recipient.
A nurse is determining the estimated date of delivery for a pregnant client using Nagele's rule and notes documentation that the date of the client's last menstrual period was August 30, 2013. The nurse determines the estimated date of delivery to be which date?
- A. ########
- B. 6-Jun-14
- C. 6-Jul-14
- D. 6-May-14
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nagele's rule is a method used to estimate the date of delivery for pregnant clients. The rule involves subtracting 3 months and adding 7 days to the date of the first day of the last normal menstrual period, then adjusting the year. Subtracting 3 months from August 30, 2013, brings the date to May 30, 2013; adding 7 days results in June 6, 2013. Finally, after correcting the year, the estimated date of delivery is June 6, 2014. Therefore, the correct answer is June 6, 2014. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the accurate calculation based on Nagele's rule.
A patient has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is not a clinical sign of diabetes mellitus?
- A. Polyphagia
- B. Polyuria
- C. Metabolic acidosis
- D. Lower extremity edema
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A-C are associated with diabetes mellitus.