Nokea
A 52-year-old woman has an appendectomy for a ruptured appendix. The nurse observes a student nurse perform a wet-to-dry dressing change on the 2-in incision.
Which of the following behaviors, if performed by the student nurse, would require an intervention by the nurse?
- A. The old dressing is saturated with sterile saline before it is removed.
- B. Dry dressings are placed over the saline-saturated gauze in the incision.
- C. Wound debris and necrotic tissue are removed with the old dressing.
- D. The gauze is saturated with sterile saline before it is packed into the incision.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Strategy: 'Require an intervention' indicates an incorrect action. (1) correct-should be removed dry so wound debris and necrotic tissue are removed with old dressing (2) done to protect clothing and bedding (3) purpose of wet-to-dry dressing (4) appropriate procedure
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The physician has ordered Prednisone 50 mg daily to promote diuresis in a client with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should administer the medication:
- A. In a single dose at bedtime
- B. With a snack or glass of milk
- C. With water to promote absorption
- D. Prior to arising in the morning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prednisone, a steroid, should be given with a snack or meal to prevent gastric irritation. Answer C would cause pain and gastric upset, making it incorrect. Answers A and D do not include providing food with the medication, so they are incorrect.
The nurse auscultates bibasilar inspiratory crackles in a newly admitted 68 year-old client with a diagnosis of congestive heart disease. Which other finding is most likely to occur?
- A. Chest pain
- B. Peripheral edema
- C. Nail clubbing
- D. Lethargy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peripheral edema. Bibasilar crackles and peripheral edema are common in congestive heart failure due to fluid overload.
An 8-year-old girl has a closed transverse fracture of her right ulna.
Which of the following actions, if performed by the nurse before the application of a cast, is MOST important?
- A. Check the radial pulses bilaterally and compare.
- B. Evaluate the skin temperature and tissue turgor in the area.
- C. Assess sensation of each foot while the girl closes her eyes.
- D. Apply baby powder to decrease skin irritation under the cast.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Strategy: Answers are a mix of assessments and implementations. Does this situation require assessment? Yes. (1) correct-assess neurovascular status, check pain, pallor, paralysis, paresthesia, pulselessness (2) assessment, temperature indicates decreased circulation, but is subjective and not most important (3) assessment, upper (not lower) extremity fracture (4) implementation, should not be done because it would increase skin irritation
Which contraindication should the nurse assess for prior to giving a child immunizations?
- A. Mild cold symptoms
- B. Chronic asthma
- C. Depressed immune system
- D. Allergy to eggs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Depressed immune system. Children who have a depressed immune system related to HIV or chemotherapy should not be given routine immunizations.
Which laboratory result would be expected during the emergent phase of a burn injury?
- A. Glucose 100 mg/dl
- B. Potassium 3.5 mEq/l
- C. Sodium 142 mEq/l
- D. Albumin 4.2 gm/dl
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glucose levels rise as a result of the stress response during the emergent phase. Answers B, C, and D are within normal range. K+ and Na+ would be elevated, whereas albumin would be lowered during the emergent period due to increased permeability.