Nokea
Which of the following best expresses the meaning of "intelligence (instinct)" in the context of this passage?
- A. Instinct is synonymous with intelligence in the passage.
- B. Intelligence and instinct are not clearly distinct in the context.
- C. Instinct is a natural ability to perform actions without learned behavior.
- D. Instinct refers to an animal's natural survival mechanism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Instinct refers to natural, unlearned behaviors, particularly in survival and reproduction.
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Which of the following can be logically inferred from the passage?
- A. The Vikings disliked exploring the New World.
- B. Leif Erikson's banishment led to his exploration of Canada.
- C. Leif Erikson never shared his stories with the King of Norway.
- D. Historians have difficulty pinpointing events in Viking history.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. It can be inferred from the passage that historians have difficulty definitively pinpointing Viking historical events. The passage highlights the uncertainty around Leif Erikson's birth year, conflicting accounts of interactions with natives, and the lack of clarity regarding specific events in Viking history. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. There is no indication in the passage that the Vikings disliked exploring the New World; Leif Erikson's banishment did not directly lead to his exploration of Canada but rather his desire to spread Christianity and find new lands; and there is no mention of Leif Erikson not sharing his stories with the King of Norway.
With which of the following statements would the author of the passage most likely agree?
- A. Malory and Tennyson shaped their approach to the Arthurian legends based on the defining qualities of their respective eras.
- B. Because Le Morte d'Arthur is more of a translation than a literary creation, Idylls of the King is a superior work.
- C. By undermining the moral qualities that Malory highlighted, Tennyson failed to appreciate the larger purpose of the stories in a medieval context.
- D. Ultimately, Malory's influence on Tennyson was minimal because Tennyson took a different approach and infused his poems with the mood of his day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The author of the passage would most likely agree with the statement that Malory and Tennyson shaped their approach to the Arthurian legends based on the defining qualities of their respective eras. The passage discusses how Malory emphasized the moral elements in Medieval literature, while Tennyson, as a Victorian poet, focused more on romantic qualities and nature in his works. This difference in emphasis reflects the characteristics of their eras. Therefore, choice A aligns with the author's likely agreement. Choice B is incorrect because it incorrectly compares the two works based on translation and creation, which is not the main point of comparison discussed in the passage. Choice C is incorrect because Tennyson's different approach does not necessarily mean he failed to appreciate the stories' purpose, but rather highlights a shift in emphasis. Choice D is incorrect because the passage indicates that Tennyson was indeed heavily influenced by Malory, albeit with a different approach, making Malory's influence significant rather than minimal.
Which of the following is true of hypotheses of the form 'All x and y'?
- A. Something that is neither x nor y disproves the hypothesis.
- B. Something that is both x and y disproves the hypothesis.
- C. Something that is x but not y disproves the hypothesis.
- D. Something that is y but not x disproves the hypothesis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. According to the passage, when encountering evidence that disproves a hypothesis of the form 'All x and y,' something that is x but not y can disprove the hypothesis. Using the example provided in the passage, a monkey (x) that has no hair (not y) would disprove the hypothesis 'All monkeys are hairy.' Choice A is incorrect because something that is neither x nor y is not specifically mentioned in the passage to disprove such hypotheses. Choice B is incorrect because the passage states that something that is both x and y confirms the hypothesis, not disproves it. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not discuss something that is y but not x disproving the hypothesis; it focuses on x but not y as evidence to disprove the hypothesis.
Which of the following statements most accurately summarizes the passage?
- A. Tobacco is less healthy than many alternatives.
- B. Tobacco is deadly, expensive, and socially unappealing.
- C. The US typically taxes tobacco products, leading to high prices.
- D. Tobacco products shorten smokers' lives by ten years and kill millions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The passage extensively details the destructive nature of smoking tobacco products, highlighting the numerous harmful chemicals, addictive properties of nicotine, increased risk of various cancers, serious health conditions, and premature deaths associated with smoking. It also mentions the high costs due to government taxation on tobacco products, alongside the negative social aspects like the smell and staining effects. Choice A is incorrect as the passage emphasizes the severe dangers rather than comparing the healthiness of tobacco to other alternatives. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses solely on the financial aspect of tobacco taxation, omitting the broader health and social consequences discussed in the passage. Choice D is partially correct but not as comprehensive as choice B, which encapsulates the deadly, expensive, and socially unappealing nature of tobacco use as portrayed in the passage.
Which of the following statements most closely correlates with the definition of the term working man?
- A. A working man is not someone who works for institutions or corporations, but someone who is well-versed in the workings of the soul.
- B. A working man is someone who is probably not involved in social activities because the physical demand for work is too high.
- C. A working man is someone who works for wages among the middle class.
- D. The working man has historically taken to the field, to the factory, and now to the screen.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D provides a succinct summary of the historical shifts in the type of work commonly associated with the 'working man.' It references how the working man has transitioned from agricultural fields to factories and eventually to modern society's dependence on technology, represented by the 'screen.' This progression highlights the evolution of labor and the changing landscape of work over time. Choices A, B, and C do not accurately capture the essence of a working man's historical journey through various types of labor and the societal changes that have influenced it.