TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

TEAS 7 Science Practice Test Related

Review TEAS 7 Science Practice Test related questions and content

Which of the following choices would contain the code for making a protein?

  • A. mRNA
  • B. tRNA
  • C. rRNA
  • D. DNA polymerase
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: mRNA (messenger RNA). mRNA contains the genetic code or instructions for making a protein. During protein synthesis, mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA in the cell nucleus to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA corresponds to the sequence of amino acids that will be used to build the protein. Choice B, tRNA (transfer RNA), is involved in carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis but does not contain the code for making a protein. Choice C, rRNA (ribosomal RNA), is a component of ribosomes where protein synthesis occurs but does not contain the specific code for making a protein. Choice D, DNA polymerase, is an enzyme involved in DNA replication, not in directly coding for protein synthesis.

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Which of the following describes the muscular organ that processes food material into increasingly smaller pieces, mixes it with saliva to create a bolus, and creates a barrier to transport food into the esophagus?

  • A. pharynx
  • B. tongue
  • C. diaphragm
  • D. stomach
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The tongue is the muscular organ responsible for manipulating food material in the mouth, breaking it down into smaller pieces, and mixing it with saliva to form a bolus. It also plays a crucial role in pushing the food bolus towards the back of the mouth to facilitate swallowing and transport the food into the esophagus. The pharynx is involved in swallowing and directing food to the esophagus after it passes the mouth. The diaphragm is a muscle involved in the breathing process, not food processing. The stomach is an organ responsible for further digestion of food after it passes through the esophagus.

Which of the following is a dense, interconnected mass of nerve cells located outside the central nervous system?

  • A. ganglion
  • B. dendrite
  • C. cranial nerve
  • D. pons
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A ganglion is a dense, interconnected mass of nerve cells located outside the central nervous system. Ganglia serve as relay points where nerve cells communicate and integrate signals. They are found along peripheral nerves, processing sensory information and coordinating motor responses. Choice B, dendrite, refers to a part of a neuron that receives signals, not a mass of nerve cells. Choice C, cranial nerve, is a bundle of nerves that emerge from the brain, not a mass of nerve cells. Choice D, pons, is a part of the brainstem, which is within the central nervous system, not located outside of it.

Where is the pineal gland located in the body?

  • A. Below the larynx
  • B. Above the kidney
  • C. At the center of the brain hemispheres
  • D. At the base of the brain
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The pineal gland is correctly located at the center of the brain, between the two hemispheres. It is a small endocrine gland often referred to as the 'third eye' due to its unique location. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as the pineal gland is not situated below the larynx, above the kidney, or at the base of the brain.

Which of the following chambers of the heart receives blood returning from the lungs during pulmonary circulation?

  • A. left atrium
  • B. right atrium
  • C. left ventricle
  • D. right ventricle
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, the left atrium. During pulmonary circulation, oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to the heart and enters the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. The left atrium then contracts, pushing this oxygen-rich blood into the left ventricle. The left ventricle subsequently pumps this oxygenated blood out to the rest of the body through the aorta. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, the left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium, and the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation, respectively.

What term describes a series of muscle contractions that transports food down the digestive tract in a wave-like fashion?

  • A. digestion
  • B. deglutition
  • C. defecation
  • D. peristalsis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Peristalsis is the correct term for the series of muscle contractions that move food down the digestive tract in a wave-like manner. This process helps propel food through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, facilitating digestion and nutrient absorption. Digestion (Choice A) refers to the breakdown of food into smaller components, deglutition (Choice B) is the act of swallowing, and defecation (Choice C) is the elimination of waste from the body. Therefore, peristalsis is the most appropriate term to describe the described muscle contractions in the digestive system.

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