Nokea
Which of the following describes a valid way to collect data for community assessment?
- A. Using a library database to conduct a literature review
- B. All of these strategies are helpful in conducting a community assessment
- C. Using surveys or questionnaires to gather information from members of the community
- D. Reading government documents to determine if similar data have already been collected
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting a community assessment involves utilizing multiple strategies to gather comprehensive data. This includes using library databases for literature reviews (A), surveys/questionnaires to collect community input (C), and examining government documents for existing data (D). By combining these methods, a more thorough and accurate assessment can be achieved. Option B acknowledges the importance of employing a variety of strategies to ensure a well-rounded approach to data collection. Options A, C, and D are individually valid methods but do not encompass the full range of strategies necessary for a comprehensive community assessment.
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Which method of gathering data is most effective for remote and vulnerable segments of a community and for those communities with underdeveloped opinions?
- A. Interviewing community informants
- B. Community forum
- C. Focus groups
- D. Telephone surveys
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Interviewing community informants. This method is most effective for remote and vulnerable segments and underdeveloped opinions because informants have insider knowledge and can provide valuable insights. They can bridge communication gaps, build trust, and gather accurate data. Community forums (B) may not reach remote areas, focus groups (C) may not include diverse perspectives, and telephone surveys (D) may not be accessible to all community members. Overall, interviewing informants is the most personalized and reliable approach for obtaining data in these contexts.
Which source of information about a community's health would give the community health nurse information about births, deaths, and marriages and aid in providing indicators of population growth or reduction?
- A. Census tracts
- B. Vital statistics
- C. National Health Survey data
- D. Needs assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vital statistics. Vital statistics provide information on births, deaths, and marriages which are crucial indicators of a community's health and population trends. This data aids the nurse in understanding the demographic characteristics and health needs of the community. Census tracts (A) provide geographical boundaries, not specific health data. National Health Survey data (C) focuses on health behaviors and conditions, not vital events. Needs assessment (D) involves identifying community health needs, not specifically births, deaths, and marriages.
In a community with competencies, what characteristic demonstrates their ability effectively?
- A. Identify their needs, achieve consensus, and plan and implement goals
- B. Delegate community processes to an outside expert
- C. Conduct their own cross-sectional epidemiological studies
- D. Predict morbidity and mortality rates
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates a comprehensive approach to community competency. Identifying needs shows awareness, achieving consensus promotes unity, and planning and implementing goals indicate organizational skills. B is incorrect as it lacks community involvement. C is incorrect as it focuses on a specific research method rather than overall competencies. D is incorrect as it pertains to forecasting health outcomes rather than community effectiveness. Therefore, A is the most appropriate choice for showcasing the ability to effectively address community needs.
Diabetes has become a major health problem. How can healthcare professionals help to reduce the incidence of diabetes?
- A. Conducting extensive screening of individuals with diabetes risk factors
- B. Facilitating the implementation of Republic Act 8191 - National Diabetes Act
- C. Establishing support groups for individuals with diabetes
- D. Increasing community awareness of diabetes prevention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because increasing community awareness of diabetes prevention can help educate the public on lifestyle changes and risk factors. This empowers individuals to make healthier choices, ultimately reducing the incidence of diabetes. Conducting extensive screening (A) focuses on detection rather than prevention. Facilitating the implementation of a specific act (B) may not be feasible or effective in all settings. Establishing support groups (C) is beneficial for those already diagnosed but does not directly address prevention on a larger scale.
A community health nurse is overwhelmed with all that needs to be done in one day. Which task could most easily be postponed?
- A. Reviewing the most recent hospital patient data collected by the local college of nursing
- B. Deciding which of several possible new clinic options would be most effective in better meeting the needs of the local community
- C. Evaluating the results of the most recent community-wide screening program before planning for the next community health program
- D. Giving testimony to the state legislature on a new health and safety bill
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because reviewing hospital patient data is not directly related to immediate community health nursing tasks. This task can be postponed without compromising ongoing patient care or community health programs. In contrast, options B, C, and D involve critical decision-making and evaluation processes that directly impact the effectiveness and success of community health initiatives. Deciding on new clinic options, evaluating screening program results, and giving testimony to the state legislature are all time-sensitive tasks that require immediate attention to ensure the well-being of the community and compliance with regulations. Prioritizing tasks based on urgency and impact on community health outcomes is essential in managing workload effectively.