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Which of the following describes the purpose of Leopold's maneuvers?
- A. To assess cervical dilation and effacement.
- B. To determine fetal presentation and position.
- C. To measure the frequency of contractions.
- D. To estimate the weight of the fetus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The purpose of Leopold's maneuvers is to determine the fetal presentation and position. Step 1 assesses the fundal height and shape, indicating the fetal part. Step 2 locates the back or limbs. Step 3 determines the presenting part in the pelvis. Step 4 confirms the presenting part and its mobility. This method helps in identifying the optimal fetal position for delivery. Assessing cervical dilation and effacement (Choice A) is typically done through vaginal examination. Measuring the frequency of contractions (Choice C) and estimating the weight of the fetus (Choice D) are not objectives of Leopold's maneuvers.
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The nurse notes that a patient who has given birth 1 hour ago is touching her infant with her fingertips and talking to him softly in high-pitched tones. Based on this observation, which action should the nurse take?
- A. Request a social service consult for psychosocial support.
- B. Observe for other signs that the mother may not be accepting of the infant.
- C. Document this evidence of normal early maternal-infant attachment behavior.
- D. Determine whether the mother is too fatigued to interact normally with her infant.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Document this evidence of normal early maternal-infant attachment behavior. This is the correct action because the mother's behavior of touching her infant with her fingertips and talking to him softly in high-pitched tones is indicative of normal maternal-infant attachment. This behavior shows that the mother is engaging with her infant in a positive and nurturing way, which is crucial for bonding and attachment. It is important for the nurse to document this behavior as it reflects a healthy interaction between the mother and her newborn.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Request a social service consult for psychosocial support - This choice is not necessary as the mother's behavior indicates normal attachment and does not suggest a need for psychosocial support at this time.
B: Observe for other signs that the mother may not be accepting of the infant - This choice is unnecessary as the mother's current behavior demonstrates acceptance and attachment towards her infant.
D: Determine whether the mother is too fatigued to interact normally
A major advantage of nonpharmacologic pain management is
- A. a more rapid labor is likely.
- B. more complete pain relief is possibl
- C. there are no side effects or risks to the fetus
- D. the woman remains fully alert at all times.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because nonpharmacologic pain management methods, such as relaxation techniques or massage, do not involve medications that could potentially harm the fetus. This ensures there are no side effects or risks to the fetus during labor. Option A is incorrect as nonpharmacologic pain management does not necessarily guarantee a more rapid labor. Option B is incorrect because while nonpharmacologic methods can provide pain relief, it may not always be more complete compared to pharmacologic options. Option D is incorrect as some nonpharmacologic methods may alter alertness levels, such as hypnosis.
While developing an intrapartum care plan for the patient in early labor, it is important that the nurse recognize that psychosocial factors may influence a woman's experience of pain. These include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Culture
- B. Anxiety and fear
- C. Support systems
- D. Preparation for childbirth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Culture can significantly impact a woman's perception and experience of pain during labor due to cultural beliefs, practices, and attitudes towards childbirth. Cultural norms and values can influence pain management preferences, coping mechanisms, and communication styles. Understanding the patient's cultural background is crucial for providing culturally competent care and addressing her psychosocial needs.
Summary of other choices:
B: Anxiety and fear - While anxiety and fear can influence a woman's pain experience, they are not specific to psychosocial factors related to culture.
C: Support systems - Support systems can affect a woman's labor experience, but they do not specifically relate to the influence of psychosocial factors such as culture.
D: Preparation for childbirth - Although preparation for childbirth can impact pain perception, it is not directly related to the influence of psychosocial factors like culture.
The nurse is monitoring a patient in the active stage of labor. Which conditions associated with fetal compromise should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Maternal hypotension
- B. Fetal heart rate of 140 to 150 bpm
- C. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid
- D. Maternal fever"”38°C (100.4°F) or higher
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Maternal hypotension. Maternal hypotension can lead to decreased perfusion to the placenta, compromising fetal oxygenation. Other choices are incorrect. B: A fetal heart rate of 140 to 150 bpm is within the normal range during labor. C: Meconium-stained amniotic fluid may indicate fetal distress but is not a direct condition associated with fetal compromise. D: Maternal fever can indicate infection but does not directly indicate fetal compromise in the active stage of labor.
Which patient presentation is an acceptable indication for serial oxytocin induction of labor?
- A. Multiple fetuses
- B. Polyhydramnios
- C. History of long labors
- D. Past 42 weeks of gestation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Past 42 weeks of gestation increases the risk of stillbirth.
2. Oxytocin can help initiate labor to reduce the risk.
3. Induction at this stage is considered safe and beneficial.
4. Other choices are not direct indications for oxytocin induction and may have different management strategies.
Summary:
- A: Multiple fetuses and polyhydramnios may require different approaches.
- B: History of long labors may not necessarily indicate the need for oxytocin induction.