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Which of the following diets would the nurse include in the plan of care for a person with AIDS?
- A. A high-protein, high-calorie diet divided into six small meals.
- B. A low-fat, soft diet divided into 8 small meals.
- C. A high-carbohydrate, fat-restricted diet divided into 4 meals.
- D. A high-fat, high-calorie diet divided into 3 meals.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: People with AIDS often experience weight loss and malnutrition due to the disease's impact on the immune system. A high-protein, high-calorie diet can help support the immune system and maintain or improve weight. Dividing the meals into six servings can help with better absorption of nutrients and provide a steady source of energy throughout the day. This type of diet can also help manage symptoms and side effects of the disease and its treatments, such as maintaining muscle mass, managing nausea, and supporting overall health.
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Which of the ff. is a symptom that the nurse would expect to find during assessment of a patient experiencing acute angle-closure glaucoma?
- A. Flashing lights
- B. Lens opacity
- C. Halos around lights A1 PASSERS TRAINING, RESEARCH, REVIEW & DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING SET N
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Halos around lights are a common symptom observed in patients experiencing acute angle-closure glaucoma. This occurs due to the increased intraocular pressure causing corneal edema, which leads to light scattering and the appearance of halos. Other symptoms may include severe eye pain, redness in the eye, decreased vision, and headache. It is important for the nurse to recognize these symptoms promptly as acute angle-closure glaucoma is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment to prevent permanent vision loss.
Mr. RR is being prepared for surgery. Nursing care would include:
- A. Careful assessment of neurologic signs to establish baseline data for post-operative care
- B. Planning activities for Mr. RR
- C. Administration of an SS enema to prevent post-operative impaction
- D. Explaining to Mr. RR post-operative complications
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing care for a patient being prepared for surgery includes conducting a careful assessment of neurologic signs to establish baseline data for post-operative care. Assessing the patient's neurologic status preoperatively is important for early detection of any post-operative complications such as changes in consciousness, sensation, or movement. This baseline data will be used to monitor and evaluate the patient's recovery and response to the surgery, anesthesia, and post-operative care interventions. Planning activities, administering enemas, and explaining post-operative complications are also important aspects of nursing care but assessing neurologic signs is the priority in this scenario.
You are evaluating a 6-year-old male child with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH); the parents state that the most common site of bone involvement is
- A. skull
- B. vertebra
- C. mandible
- D. pelvis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Skull is the most common site of bone involvement in LCH.
Mrs. Go a 75-year old female suffered a fdall and is diagnosed with a herniated nucleus pulposus at the C4-C5 interspace, and a second st the C5-C6 interspace.Which of the following findings would the nurse expect to discover during the assessment?
- A. constant, throbbing headaches
- B. clonus in the lower extremities
- C. Numbness of the face
- D. pain in the scapular region
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A herniated nucleus pulposus at the C4-C5 and C5-C6 interspace typically results in neck and shoulder pain, which can radiate to the scapular region. The herniation at these levels can cause irritation or compression of the cervical nerve roots leading to pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected areas. Constant, throbbing headaches are not typically associated with this specific diagnosis. Clonus in the lower extremities and numbness of the face are also not common findings related to herniated nucleus pulposus at the cervical spine levels mentioned.
A form of cancer therapy wherein a beam of high-energy electromagnetic radiation desires the cancer ceils?
- A. surgery
- B. radiation therapy
- C. chemotherapy
- D. pallitive treatment Situation: The nurse is assigned in a counseling clinic about preventive measures for cancers.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiation therapy is a form of cancer treatment that uses a beam of high-energy electromagnetic radiation to target and destroy cancer cells. The high-energy radiation damages the DNA in cancer cells, causing them to die or be unable to multiply. By precisely targeting the tumor with these radiation beams, radiation therapy helps to minimize damage to surrounding healthy tissues. This form of therapy is an essential component in the treatment of many types of cancer, either alone or in combination with surgery, chemotherapy, or other treatments.