Nokea
Which of the following drugs is NOT an aminoglycoside?
- A. Streptomycin
- B. Neomycin
- C. Amikacin
- D. Azithromycin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic, not an aminoglycoside, unlike the others listed.
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Which of the following create a higher risk for digoxin toxicity? Both the cause and the reason for it must be correct.
- A. Older adults because of reduced renal function
- B. Administration of aldosterone antagonist diuretics because of decreased potassium levels
- C. Taking an antacid for gastroesophageal reflux disease because it increases the absorption of digoxin
- D. Doses between 0.25 and 0.5 mg/day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Older adults have reduced renal clearance, increasing digoxin toxicity risk.
In the presence of naloxone, a higher concentration of morphine is required to elicit full pain relief. Naloxone by it self has no effect. Which of the following is correct regarding these medications?
- A. Naloxone is a competitive antagonist
- B. Morphine is a full agonist, and naloxone is a partial agonist
- C. Morphine is less efficacious than is naloxone
- D. Morphine is less potent than is naloxone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone shifts morphine's dose-response curve rightward (increased EC50), typical of competitive antagonism, with no intrinsic effect.
Decongestants such as pseudoephedrine (Sudafed):
- A. Are Schedule III drugs in all states
- B. Should not be prescribed or recommended for children under 4 years of age
- C. Are effective in treating the congestion children experience with the common cold
- D. May cause drowsiness in patients of all ages
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pseudoephedrine is unsafe for children under 4 due to serious side effects; it's not Schedule III , variably effective in kids , or typically sedating .
Anticholinergic agents, such as benztropine (Cogentin), may be given with a phenothiazine to:
- A. Reduce the chance of tardive dyskinesia
- B. Potentiate the effects of the drug
- C. Reduce the tolerance that tends to occur
- D. Increase central nervous system 4 (iNS) rdey
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benztropine reduces EPS, which can precede tardive dyskinesia in phenothiazine use.
Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is prescribed for the treatment of diabetes insipidus. The nurse monitors the client after medication administration for which therapeutic response?
- A. Decreased urinary output
- B. Decreased blood pressure
- C. Decreased peripheral edema
- D. Decreased blood glucose level
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Desmopressin promotes renal conservation of water. The hormone carries out this action by acting on the collecting ducts of the kidney to increase their permeability to water, which results in increased water reabsorption. The therapeutic effect of this medication would be manifested by a decreased urine output. Options 2, 3, and 4 are unrelated to the effects of this medication.