Nokea
Which of the following factors does not strengthen a scientific argument?
- A. Lack of bias
- B. Extensive use of qualitative research and data
- C. Able to be reproduced and repeated by others
- D. Withstands the test of time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. While qualitative data can provide valuable insights, it does not inherently strengthen a scientific argument to the same extent as quantitative data. Quantitative data is generally more precise, measurable, and easier to verify, making it a stronger basis for scientific arguments. Choices A, C, and D all contribute to strengthening a scientific argument. Lack of bias ensures objectivity and reliability, reproducibility by others validates the findings, and standing the test of time indicates the enduring validity and reliability of the argument.
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Which of the following is a component of the immune system?
- A. Red blood cells
- B. White blood cells
- C. Platelets
- D. Plasma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: White blood cells are a crucial component of the immune system as they play a key role in fighting infections and foreign invaders. Red blood cells are primarily involved in oxygen transport, platelets are important for blood clotting, and plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries various substances but is not directly involved in the immune response.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the ventricles of the heart?
- A. The left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta
- B. The right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk
- C. Ventricles are the discharging chambers of the heart
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All of these statements are true regarding the ventricles of the heart. The left ventricle does indeed pump oxygenated blood into the aorta, while the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary trunk. Ventricles are indeed the discharging chambers of the heart, responsible for pumping blood out into the circulatory system. Therefore, as all the statements are accurate, the correct answer is 'All of the above.' Choices A, B, and C are all correct statements about the ventricles, making them incorrect answers in isolation.
What are stem cells that can develop into many different cell types, but not a complete organism, known as?
- A. Totipotent stem cells
- B. Multipotent stem cells
- C. Pluripotent stem cells
- D. Hematopoietic stem cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pluripotent stem cells are capable of developing into many different cell types, but they cannot form a complete organism. Totipotent stem cells have the ability to give rise to all cell types in an organism, including extraembryonic tissues, enabling them to form a complete organism. Multipotent stem cells can differentiate into a limited range of cell types. Hematopoietic stem cells specifically give rise to blood cells.
What is the role of the large intestine in the digestive system?
- A. To break down proteins
- B. To absorb water and form feces
- C. To digest fats
- D. To neutralize stomach acid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The large intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing water from indigestible food matter and forming feces for elimination. Choice A is incorrect because the breakdown of proteins primarily occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Choice C is incorrect as the digestion of fats primarily occurs in the small intestine. Choice D is incorrect as neutralizing stomach acid is mainly the function of the stomach lining and not the large intestine.
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
- A. To absorb nutrients
- B. To exchange gases
- C. To transport oxygen
- D. To regulate blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The main function of the respiratory system is to exchange gases, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the body and the environment. Option A, 'To absorb nutrients,' is incorrect because the respiratory system is not involved in nutrient absorption. Option C, 'To transport oxygen,' is partially correct, but it doesn't encompass the complete role of gas exchange that includes both oxygen and carbon dioxide. Option D, 'To regulate blood pressure,' is incorrect as blood pressure regulation is primarily controlled by the cardiovascular system, not the respiratory system.