Nokea
Which of the following factors may contribute to an increased risk of suicide?
- A. Engaging in regular physical exercise
- B. Having a positive self-esteem
- C. Having a strong social support system
- D. Experiencing a history of trauma or abuse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Experiencing a history of trauma or abuse. Research shows that individuals who have experienced trauma or abuse are at a higher risk of suicide due to the psychological impact of such experiences. Trauma can lead to feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and despair, increasing suicidal ideation. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect. A: Engaging in regular physical exercise can actually reduce the risk of suicide by improving mental health and overall well-being. B: Having a positive self-esteem is also a protective factor against suicide as it fosters resilience and coping skills. C: Having a strong social support system is crucial in preventing suicide, as it provides emotional support and a sense of belonging, therefore decreasing the risk.
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A nurse is caring for a postoperative client following a total knee replacement. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe to prevent the formulation of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- A. Enoxaparin
- B. Alteplase (tPA)
- C. Warfarin
- D. Clopidogrel
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Enoxaparin. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin that helps prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by inhibiting clot formation. It is commonly prescribed postoperatively for clients undergoing knee replacement surgery due to the increased risk of DVT. Alteplase (tPA) is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve existing blood clots and not typically used for prevention. Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant that requires monitoring of INR levels and is usually started after initial treatment with heparin. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent and is not typically used for DVT prevention.
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who recently loaded a virus onto their teacher's computer after receiving a poor grade on a science project. The child's guardian tells the nurse their child often bullies the other kids at school. Which of the following diagnoses should the nurse expect?
- A. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
- B. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- C. Intermittent explosive disorder (IED)
- D. Conduct disorder (CD)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Conduct disorder (CD)
Rationale:
1. Conduct disorder involves a pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others or societal norms.
2. The child's actions of loading a virus onto the teacher's computer and bullying classmates indicate a disregard for rules and the well-being of others.
3. Conduct disorder commonly presents with aggression, deceitfulness, and violation of rules.
4. These behaviors are more severe than those seen in Oppositional Defiant Disorder (A) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (B).
5. Intermittent Explosive Disorder (C) typically involves impulsive aggression, not premeditated actions like intentionally loading a virus.
6. Conduct disorder is the most appropriate diagnosis considering the child's behavior towards others.
Summary:
- A: Oppositional Defiant Disorder - less severe, lacks the pattern of aggression seen in the child's behavior.
- B: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - does not fully capture the intentional harmful behavior
A nurse is providing teaching to a client diagnosed with schizophrenia and is prescribed haloperidol (Haldol). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. This medication will decrease your symptoms of OCD.
- B. This medication may cause excessive salivation.
- C. You can stop taking the medication if the side effects are bothersome.
- D. You may experience dizziness upon standing while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: You may experience dizziness upon standing while taking this medication. This is important information to include because haloperidol can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness upon standing. This is a common side effect that the client should be aware of to prevent falls. Option A is incorrect because haloperidol is not used to treat OCD. Option B is incorrect because excessive salivation is not a common side effect of haloperidol. Option C is incorrect because it is crucial not to stop taking antipsychotic medications abruptly without consulting a healthcare provider.
A nurse has received a report on a group of clients. Which of the following client clients should the nurse assess first?
- A. A client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL (74 - 106 mg/dL)
- B. A client who has diabetes insipidus has an intake of 1,500 mL and an output of 1,600 mL in 24 hr.
- C. A client who has Graves' disease has a heart rate of 100/min and reports tremors.
- D. A client who has a left-sided stroke reports severe headache and is manifesting confusion.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. A client with a left-sided stroke reporting severe headache and confusion should be assessed first due to the potential risk of worsening neurological status. Headache and confusion could indicate a worsening condition such as hemorrhage or increased intracranial pressure, requiring immediate intervention to prevent further damage. Assessing this client first allows for prompt treatment and prevention of complications. Choices A, B, and C involve clients with chronic conditions or stable vital signs that do not indicate immediate danger. Assessing the client with a left-sided stroke takes priority over these cases due to the acute nature of the symptoms.
A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and reports dry eyes and sensitivity to light. The nurse notes that the client's eyes have a bulging appearance. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
- A. Exposure to sunlight will help to strengthen your eyes.
- B. These are unusual symptoms. I will ask the provider for an ophthalmology referral.
- C. Eye drops and dim lighting can improve your symptoms.
- D. Surgery will be necessary to correct the damage to your eyes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Eye drops and dim lighting can improve your symptoms. In hyperthyroidism, the bulging appearance of the eyes, known as exophthalmos, can lead to dry eyes and sensitivity to light. Eye drops can help alleviate dryness, and dim lighting can reduce discomfort from light sensitivity. This intervention addresses the client's specific symptoms and promotes comfort.
Choice A is incorrect because sunlight exposure can exacerbate light sensitivity in clients with hyperthyroidism. Choice B is incorrect as it does not provide a direct intervention for the client's symptoms and delays addressing the discomfort. Choice D is incorrect because surgery is not typically the first-line treatment for eye symptoms in hyperthyroidism; conservative measures are usually tried first.