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Which of the following groups could benefit most from prevention programs?
- A. Children, prior to first use
- B. Adults who have already engaged in substance abuse
- C. Older adults
- D. Infants
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children before first use benefit most from prevention due to their impressionability and lack of addiction, unlike adults, older adults, or infants.
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The nurse is discussing the principles of 12-step program for recovery with a client. Which statement is consistent with the principles of 12-step programs?
- A. The client will need to abstain from all substances for successful recovery.
- B. Once sober, the person can safely return to life as it was before becoming addicted.
- C. The prognosis for recovery is enhanced with the aid of maintenance medications.
- D. Recovery requires adherence to a plan of achieving long-term goals.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 12-step program emphasizes total abstinence and support from others, unlike returning to pre-addiction life, relying on medications, or focusing solely on long-term goals.
A client is admitted for a drug overdose with a Barbiturate. Which is the priority nursing action when planning care for this client?
- A. Check the client's belongings for additional drugs.
- B. Pad the side rails of the bed because seizures are likely.
- C. Prepare a dose of ipecac, an emetic.
- D. Monitor respiratory function.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Barbiturate overdose depresses respiratory function, making monitoring the priority to ensure safety, over checking belongings, padding rails, or using ipecac.
A client with alcohol dependence is admitted to the hospital with pancreatitis. Which intervention should be included in the client's plan of care?
- A. Fluid restriction of 1000 ml per 24 hours
- B. Glucometer checks b.i.d.
- C. High-protein diet
- D. Protective isolation precautions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pancreatitis from alcohol dependence can elevate glucose levels, necessitating glucometer checks, unlike fluid restriction, high-protein diets, or isolation.
A client is readmitted to the substance abuse program for the second time in 6 months for alcohol abuse. On admission, he tells the nurse, 'I am so ashamed.' What should the nurse reply?
- A. I really thought you would make it.
- B. Tell me what has happened since your last admission.
- C. You have nothing to be ashamed of.
- D. Why did you start drinking again?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about recent events encourages therapeutic discussion of the client's situation, unlike judgmental, dismissive, or confrontational responses.
A client with a history of heavy alcohol use, whose last drink was 24 hours ago, is seen in the emergency department. The client is oriented but is tremulous, weak, and sweaty and has some gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Which of the following is typical of these symptoms?
- A. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
- B. Continuing intoxication
- C. Delirium tremens
- D. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms like tremors, weakness, and sweating 24 hours after the last drink indicate alcohol withdrawal, not intoxication, delirium tremens, or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.