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Which of the following instructions about activities during menstruation would the nurse include when counseling an adolescent who has just begun to menstruate?
- A. Take a mild analgesic if needed for menstrual pain.
- B. Avoid cold foods if menstrual pain persists.
- C. Stop exercise while menstruating.
- D. Avoid sexual intercourse while menstruating.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mild analgesics like ibuprofen can effectively manage menstrual pain. There is no evidence supporting avoiding cold foods, and moderate exercise can alleviate cramps. Sexual intercourse during menstruation is a personal choice and not medically contraindicated.
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After instruction of a primigravid client at 8 weeks' gestation diagnosed with class I heart disease about self-care during pregnancy, which of the following client statements would indicate the need for additional teaching?
- A. "I should avoid being near people who have a cold."
- B. "I may be given antibiotics during my pregnancy."
- C. "I should reduce my intake of protein in my diet."
- D. "I should limit my salt intake at meals."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reducing protein intake is not recommended for clients with heart disease.
A client has obtained Plan B (levonorgestrel 0.75 mg, 2 tablets) as emergency contraception. After unprotected intercourse, the client calls the clinic to ask questions about taking the contraceptives. The nurse realizes the client needs further explanation when she makes which of the following responses?
- A. I can wait 3 to 4 days after intercourse to start taking these to prevent pregnancy.
- B. My boyfriend can buy Plan B from the pharmacy if he is over 18 years old.
- C. The birth control works by preventing ovulation or fertilization of the egg.
- D. I can be discussed and have breast tenderness or a headache after using the contraceptive.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Plan B is most effective when taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse, ideally as soon as possible. Waiting 3 to 4 days reduces its efficacy, indicating a need for further explanation.
A nurse is preparing a change-of-shift report and has been caring for a multigravid client with a normally progressing labor. Which of the following information should be part of this report? Select all that apply.
- A. Interpretation of the fetal monitor strip.
- B. Analgesia or anesthesia being used.
- C. Anticipated method of birth control.
- D. Amount of vaginal bleeding or discharge.
- E. Support persons with the client.
- F. Prior delivery history.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E,F
Rationale: A comprehensive shift report includes fetal monitor interpretation, analgesia/anesthesia use, vaginal bleeding/discharge, support persons, and prior delivery history to ensure continuity of care. Anticipated birth control is not relevant during labor.
A nurse is counseling a client about the contraceptive sponge. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. The sponge can be inserted just before intercourse.
- B. The sponge contains spermicide.
- C. The sponge is reusable if cleaned properly.
- D. The sponge should be left in place for at least 6 hours after intercourse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The contraceptive sponge is a single-use device and cannot be reused, even if cleaned, indicating a need for further teaching. The other statements are correct.
A multigravid client is admitted at 16 weeks' gestation with a diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum. The nurse should explain to the client that hyperemesis gravidarum is thought to be related to high levels of which of the following hormones?
- A. Progesterone.
- B. Estrogen.
- C. Somatotropin.
- D. Aldosterone.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High estrogen levels are associated with hyperemesis gravidarum.