Nokea
Which of the following instructions should be included in the teaching for the client with arthritis?
- A. Avoid exercise because it fatigues the joints.
- B. Take prescribed anti-inflammatory medications with meals.
- C. Alternate heat and cold packs to the affected joints.
- D. Avoid weight bearing activity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Taking anti-inflammatory medications with meals reduces gastrointestinal irritation, a key teaching point for arthritis management. Exercise and weight-bearing activities are encouraged, and heat/cold alternation is not universally recommended.
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The nurse is teaching a client with a new diagnosis of epilepsy about lamotrigine (Lamictal). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with grapefruit juice
- B. Report any skin rash
- C. Stop the medication if seizures stop
- D. Avoid regular blood Test s
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A skin rash may indicate Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a serious lamotrigine side effect. Options A, C, and D are incorrect: grapefruit juice is irrelevant, stopping the medication risks seizures, and blood Test s are needed.
The nurse is caring for a man who has severe burns and had a skin graft. What nursing care measure is appropriate at the graft site the day of the graft?
- A. Leave the graft site open to the air.
- B. Elevate the recipient site.
- C. Encourage range-of-motion exercises.
- D. Change the dressing twice a day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevating the graft site reduces edema, promoting graft adherence on the first day. Open exposure, exercises, or frequent dressing changes risk graft failure.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of hemophilia.
- A. Which intervention is most important for a client with hemophilia experiencing joint pain?
- B. Administer factor replacement therapy.
- C. Apply warm compresses to the joint.
- D. Encourage active range-of-motion exercises.
- E. Administer oral analgesics.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Factor replacement therapy stops bleeding in hemophilia, relieving joint pain from hemarthrosis. Cold compresses are used, exercise worsens bleeding, and analgesics are supportive.
A college student comes to the college health services with complaints of a severe headache, nausea, and photophobia. The physician orders a complete blood count (CBC) and a lumbar puncture (LP). Which of the following lab results would the nurse expect if a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis were made?
- A. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cloudy, Hgb 13 g/dL, Hct 38%, WBC 18,000/mm³.
- B. CSF with RBCs present, Hgb 10 g/dL, Hct 37%, WBC 8,000/mm³.
- C. CSF cloudy, Hgb 12 g/dL, Hct 37%, WBC 7,000/mm³.
- D. CSF clear, Hgb 15 g/dL, Hct 40%, WBC 11,000/mm³.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CSF normally clear, colorless; normal WBC 5,000-10,000 per cubic millimeter, normal Hgb (male 13.5-17.5 g/dL, female 12-16 g/dL), normal Hct (male 41-53%, female 36-46%)
The nurse is screening an eight-month-old girl in a well-baby clinic. The nurse would be MOST concerned if the infant's mother made which of the following statements?
- A. My daughter has almost doubled her birth weight.
- B. When I walk in the room my child smiles at me.
- C. When she is around her grandpa, my child cries.
- D. My daughter can't quite say Mama yet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An eight-month-old should have doubled birth weight by 5–6 months; 'almost doubled' suggests growth delay, requiring evaluation. Options B, C, and D are normal behaviors.