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Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement for a patient who has just been diagnosed with viral conjunctivitis?
- A. Explain the purpose of antiviral eye drops.
- B. Show how to perform eye irrigation safely.
- C. Instruct about how to insert soft contact lenses.
- D. Demonstrate appropriate handwashing technique.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Good hand hygiene is the major means to prevent the spread of conjunctivitis. Antiviral drops and eye irrigation will not be helpful in shortening the disease process. Contact lenses should not be used when patients have conjunctivitis because they can further irritate the conjunctiva.
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A patient is seen in the ophthalmology clinic and diagnosed with recurrent staphylococcal and seborrheic blepharitis. Which of the following topics should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Saline irrigation of the eyes
- B. Surgical removal of the lesion
- C. Using baby shampoo to clean the lids
- D. The use of cool compresses to the eyes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Baby shampoo is used to soften and remove crusts associated with blepharitis. The other interventions are not used in treating this disorder.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when communicating with a patient who has a moderate hearing loss?
- A. Overenunciate words.
- B. Speak normally but more slowly.
- C. Increase the volume when speaking.
- D. Use more facial expressions when talking.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patient understanding of the nurse's speech will be enhanced by speaking at a normal tone, but more slowly. Increasing the volume, overenunciating, and exaggerating facial expressions will not improve the patient's ability to comprehend the nurse.
To decrease the risk for future hearing loss, which of the following actions should the nurse working with college students at the on-campus health clinic implement?
- A. Arrange to include otoscopic examinations for all patients.
- B. Administer rubella immunizations to all students at the clinic.
- C. Discuss the importance of limiting exposure to very high amplified music.
- D. Teach patients to regularly irrigate the ear to decrease cerumen impaction.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exposure to high amplified music is a significant risk factor for hearing loss in young adults. Otoscopic exams and cerumen irrigation do not directly prevent hearing loss, and rubella immunization is unrelated to noise-induced hearing damage.
A patient has been seen at a clinic for repeated hordeolum of the eyes during the last 6 months. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to the patient to help prevent further infection?
- A. Apply cold compresses at the first sign of recurrence.
- B. Discard all open or used cosmetics used near the eyes.
- C. Wash the scalp and eyebrows with an anti-seborrheic shampoo.
- D. Seek evaluation for the presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hordeolum (stye) is commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which may be present in cosmetics that the patient is using. Warm compresses are recommended to treat hordeolum. Anti-seborrheic shampoos are recommended for seborrheic blepharitis. Patients with adult inclusion conjunctivitis, which is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, should be referred for STD testing.
Which of the following topics will the nurse include in patient teaching following outpatient cataract surgery and lens implantation?
- A. Use of oral opioids for pain control
- B. Administration of antibiotic eye drops
- C. Importance of coughing and deep-breathing exercises
- D. Need for bed rest for the first 24 hours after the surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antibiotic and corticosteroid eye drops are commonly prescribed after cataract surgery, and the patient should be able to administer them using safe technique. Pain is not expected after cataract surgery and opioids will not be needed. Coughing and deep-breathing exercises are not needed since a general anaesthetic agent is not used. There is no bed rest restriction after cataract surgery.