Nokea
Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis in the hip joint?
- A. Baker's cyst
- B. Heberden's nodes
- C. Trendelenburg gait
- D. Swan-neck deformity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Osteoarthritis in the hip joint can lead to weakness or dysfunction in the hip abductor muscles, causing a Trendelenburg gait. This gait abnormality is characterized by a dropping of the pelvis on the opposite side of the affected hip during weight-bearing on the affected leg. It is a common clinical manifestation of hip osteoarthritis due to the muscle weakness and altered mechanics in the hip joint. Baker's cyst is associated with knee osteoarthritis, Heberden's nodes are commonly seen in osteoarthritis of the fingers, and Swan-neck deformity is typically seen in rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.
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A patient with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is prescribed warfarin therapy. Which laboratory test is used to monitor the therapeutic effect of warfarin?
- A. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
- B. International normalized ratio (INR)
- C. Platelet count
- D. D-dimer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The laboratory test used to monitor the therapeutic effect of warfarin therapy is the International Normalized Ratio (INR). Warfarin is a commonly prescribed anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the action of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Maintaining the INR within the target range specific to the indication for anticoagulation (e.g., DVT prevention or treatment) is essential to balance the risk of bleeding and clotting.
Who should be involved in quality improvement measures?
- A. Everyone
- B. Professional staff
- C. Management staff
- D. Consumers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Quality improvement measures are most effective when everyone within an organization is involved. This includes not only professional and management staff but also consumers or customers who are directly impacted by the products or services being provided. By involving everyone, a more comprehensive and diverse perspective can be gained, leading to better identification of areas for improvement and more successful implementation of quality improvement initiatives. Additionally, by involving all stakeholders, there is a greater buy-in and commitment to the process, increasing the likelihood of sustainable improvements being made.
Because of the scarcity of nurses in the hospital settings, different service delivery models were proposed. Which Situation represents the primary nursing care delivery model?
- A. The nursing aide is assigned to make beds and other errands while the nurse is to give medications.
- B. The nurse develops a plan of care for patients and collaborates with other team members.
- C. The nurse performs all tasks needed by the individual patient to optimize health .
- D. The nurse provides care to 4 patients while the nursing aide is to care for 2 patients.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary nursing care delivery model is represented by option C, where the nurse performs all tasks needed by the individual patient to optimize health. In this model, the nurse is responsible for coordinating and providing comprehensive care to a specific group of patients throughout their stay. The primary nurse establishes a close relationship with the patient and takes accountability for their care, ensuring continuity, communication, and personalized attention. This approach emphasizes the importance of the nurse-patient relationship and holistic care delivery, which can lead to improved patient outcomes and satisfaction.
Which nursing diagnosis is NOT RELEVANT to sexual health?
- A. Anxiety-related inability to conceive after six months .
- B. Health-seeking behaviors related to reproductive functioning
- C. Sexual dysfunction related to an unknown cause.
- D. Risk for infection related to high-risk. sexual behaviors.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the given situation, the nursing diagnosis that is NOT RELEVANT to sexual health is option B, Health-seeking behaviors related to reproductive functioning. This diagnosis focuses on the patient's proactive approach to seeking healthcare services related to reproductive health matters. However, in the situation presented of a pregnant patient with sickle cell anemia experiencing fever, painful swelling, and in labor pain, the immediate priority lies in addressing the health issues related to sickle cell disease and the current pregnancy. Sexual health is not the primary concern in this scenario compared to managing the complications of sickle cell anemia during pregnancy. Therefore, the diagnosis related to health-seeking behaviors related to reproductive functioning is not as pertinent in this specific case.
Which of the following dental conditions is characterized by inflammation of the gingival tissues surrounding the teeth, often caused by poor oral hygiene?
- A. Dental caries
- B. Periodontitis
- C. Dental abscess
- D. Oral candidiasis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Periodontitis is the dental condition characterized by inflammation of the gingival tissues surrounding the teeth. It is typically caused by poor oral hygiene practices, leading to plaque buildup and eventually gum disease. If left untreated, periodontitis can cause serious damage to the gum tissue and the underlying bones supporting the teeth, which can eventually result in tooth loss. Regular dental check-ups, proper oral hygiene habits, and professional cleanings are important for preventing and managing periodontitis.