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Which of the following is a key component of community-based participatory research?
- A. Conducting research in a laboratory setting
- B. Involving community members in the research process
- C. Focusing solely on quantitative data
- D. Ignoring community input
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Involving community members in the research process.' Community-based participatory research emphasizes the active involvement of community members in all aspects of the research process, from identifying research questions to interpreting and disseminating results. Choice A is incorrect because community-based participatory research typically takes place in real-world settings, not in laboratories. Choice C is incorrect because community-based participatory research values a mix of quantitative and qualitative data. Choice D is incorrect because community input is essential in this research approach.
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A client comes into the community health center upset and crying stating, "I will die of cancer now that I have this disease." And then the client hands the nurse a paper with one word written on it: 'Pheochromocytoma.' Which response should the nurse state initially?
- A. 'Pheochromocytomas usually aren't cancerous (malignant). But they may be associated with cancerous tumors in other endocrine glands such as the thyroid (medullary carcinoma of the thyroid).'
- B. 'This problem is diagnosed by blood and urine tests that reveal elevated levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline.'
- C. 'Computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to detect an adrenal tumor.'
- D. 'You probably have had episodes of sweating, heart pounding, and headaches.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct initial response for the nurse to provide in this situation is to offer reassurance. Stating that 'Pheochromocytomas usually aren't cancerous (malignant)' helps to alleviate the client's anxiety and fear of having cancer. This response also establishes a foundation for further discussion about the condition, allowing the nurse to address the client's concerns and provide accurate information. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses solely on the diagnostic tests for pheochromocytoma but does not address the client's emotional distress. Choice C is incorrect as it discusses imaging modalities without directly addressing the client's concerns. Choice D is also incorrect as it assumes symptoms without first addressing the client's emotional state and fear of cancer.
You attended a home delivery with the Rural Health midwife. The newborn is premature. Which of the following should be included in premature infant care at home?
- A. establishing and maintaining good respiration
- B. proper management of feeding
- C. minimum handling of the baby
- D. regulation of body temperature
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Regulation of body temperature is crucial for the survival of a premature infant. Premature infants have difficulty regulating their body temperature, making it essential to keep them warm. While establishing and maintaining good respiration and proper feeding management are important aspects of infant care, they are not as critical as regulating body temperature for premature infants. Additionally, while minimizing handling to reduce stress can be beneficial, it is not as vital as temperature regulation for premature infants.
Which playroom activities should the nurse organize for a small group of 7-year-old hospitalized children?
- A. Sports and games with rules
- B. Finger paints and water play
- C. "Dress-up" clothes and props
- D. Chess and television programs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
The community health nurse has been following the care for an adolescent with a history of morbid obesity, asthma, hypertension, and is 22 weeks into a pregnancy. Which of these lab reports sent to the clinic needs to be called to the teen's healthcare provider within the next hour?
- A. Hemoglobin 11 g/dL and calcium 6 mg/dL
- B. Magnesium 0.8 mEq/L and creatinine 3 mg/dL
- C. Blood urea nitrogen 28 mg/dL and glucose 225 mg/dL
- D. Hematocrit 33% and platelets 200,000
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The low magnesium level and elevated creatinine suggest possible renal dysfunction, which is concerning, especially in a pregnant client with multiple risk factors such as morbid obesity, asthma, and hypertension. Immediate attention is needed to address the potential renal issues. The other choices do not indicate such urgent conditions. Hemoglobin and calcium levels in choice A are within acceptable ranges. Choice C shows elevated blood urea nitrogen and glucose levels, which may need monitoring but not immediate attention. Choice D's hematocrit and platelet levels are also within normal ranges and do not indicate an urgent issue.
Which of the following best describes the goal of primary health care?
- A. Treating chronic diseases
- B. Providing specialized medical services
- C. Promoting health and preventing illness
- D. Conducting medical research
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Promoting health and preventing illness.' Primary health care aims to provide essential health services, promote health, prevent diseases, and manage common health problems. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because primary health care focuses on a holistic approach to health that includes health promotion, disease prevention, treatment of common illnesses, and community participation, rather than specialized services, chronic disease treatment, or medical research.