Nokea
Which of the following is a major function of the skin?
- A. Excretion of wastes
- B. Vitamin C synthesis
- C. Temperature regulation
- D. Prevention of dehydration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Functions of the skin include protection from the environment, temperature regulation, prevention of dehydration, excretion of waste products, and vitamin D synthesis (not C). This question was restructured from a multiple-response format to focus on a key function, with temperature regulation selected as a representative correct answer.
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If a man burns his total left arm and half of the front of his chest, what percentage of his body is burned?
- A. 9%
- B. 18%
- C. 27%
- D. 36%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using the Rule of Nines: left arm = 9%, half of anterior chest = 9% (full chest = 18%), total = 18%.
A patient is demonstrating signs of a herpes simplex virus infection. Which diagnostic test should be prescribed to confirm this diagnosis?
- A. Pap smear
- B. Tzanck's smear
- C. Sedimentation rate
- D. HSV-1 antibody testing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tzanck's smear is a rapid test used to detect multinucleated giant cells characteristic of herpes simplex virus, making it the most specific diagnostic choice listed.
The nurse is monitoring a client diagnosed with acromegaly who was treated with transsphenoidal hypophysectomy and is recovering in the intensive care unit. Which finding should alert the nurse to the presence of a possible postoperative complication?
- A. Anxiety
- B. Leukocytosis
- C. Chvostek's sign
- D. Urinary output of 800 mL/hour
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urinary output of 800 mL/hour suggests diabetes insipidus, a common complication post-hypophysectomy due to pituitary damage, unlike the other findings which are less specific.
The nurse describes several types of burn treatment. Which statement best describes a xenograft?
- A. Incision into subcutaneous tissue to increase circulation
- B. Biologic dressing obtained from a cadaver
- C. Wound covered with ointment, then covered with layers of gauze saturated with topical medication
- D. Biologic dressing obtained from a pig
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A xenograft is a biologic dressing sourced from pig skin.
A child is brought to the emergency department from a house fire. She has singed eyebrows and sounds hoarse. After applying oxygen, which action by the nurse takes priority?
- A. Assemble intubation equipment.
- B. Gently cleanse any burn wounds.
- C. Place child on a cardiac monitor.
- D. Prepare to give pain medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All actions are appropriate for this child; however, airway patency is always the priority. This child has manifestations that cause the nurse to consider an inhalation injury.