Nokea
Which of the following is a neurocutaneous syndrome without cutaneous manifestations?
- A. Sturge-Weber syndrome
- B. Tuberous sclerosis
- C. Ataxia telangiectasia
- D. Von Hippel-Lindau disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Von Hippel-Lindau disease is a neurocutaneous syndrome that primarily affects internal organs and often lacks cutaneous manifestations.
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Family discharge teaching has been effective when the parent of a toddler diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD) states:
- A. The arthritis in her knees is permanent. She will need knee replacements.
- B. I will give her diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for her peeling palms and soles of her feet.
- C. I know she will be irritable for 2 months after her symptoms start.
- D. I will continue with high doses of Tylenol for her inflammation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This statement indicates the parent understands that irritability may persist for about 2 months after symptom onset in KD.
Which type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with drug or latex allergy?
- A. Neurogenic
- B. Cardiogenic
- C. Hypovolemic
- D. Anaphylactic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anaphylactic shock results from extreme allergy or hypersensitivity to a foreign substance. Neurogenic shock results from loss of neuronal control, such as the interruption of neuronal transmission that occurs from a spinal cord injury. Cardiogenic shock is decreased cardiac output. Hypovolemic shock is a reduction in the size of the vascular compartment, decreasing blood pressure, and low central venous pressure.
The typical radiologic configuration in tetralogy of Fallot as seen in the anteroposterior view consists of all the following EXCEPT
- A. normal heart size
- B. some elevation of the cardiac apex
- C. convexity in the region of the main pulmonary artery
- D. right-sided aortic arch
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Normal heart size is not typical in tetralogy of Fallot.
Symptoms in patients with aortic stenosis depend on the severity of the obstruction EXCEPT
- A. cardiomegaly
- B. pulmonary congestion
- C. weak pulses
- D. pale skin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pale skin is not a typical symptom of aortic stenosis.
About juvenile chronic arthritis:
- A. Rheumatoid factor is an important diagnostic test to perform in suspected cases
- B. Pauciarticular type is the commonest type
- C. Cervical spine involvement is uncommon
- D. Methotrexate is the first line drug in therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pauciarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common subtype, typically affecting fewer than five joints in the first six months of disease.