Nokea
Which of the following is a true statement with regard to laws?
- A. They deal with right and wrong.
- B. They are written rules for conduct and actions.
- C. They consider beliefs about morals and values.
- D. They do not have a formal enforcement system.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Laws are written rules for conduct and actions. Ethical standards dictate the rightness or wrongness of human behavior. Ethics are moral principles and values. Laws do have a formal enforcement system.
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The nurse is assigned to care for a client who is admitted to the medical unit with an infection after having an abortion. The nurse is uncomfortable caring for this client because the religious beliefs of the nurse are very firm on the issue of abortion. What first step can the nurse make in order to solve the ethical dilemma?
- A. Evaluate the decision in terms of effects and results.
- B. Make the decision and follow through on it.
- C. List all possible options for solving the dilemma.
- D. Obtain as much information as possible to understand the situation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The first step in the ethical dilemma decision-making process is to obtain as much information as possible to understand the situation. Evaluating the decision in terms of effects and results is the fifth step in the process. Making the decision and following through is the fourth step of the process, and listing all possible options is the second step in the process.
Which of the following is a true statement about a living will?
- A. It states the client's wishes regarding healthcare if terminally ill.
- B. It specifies information regarding nontreatment only.
- C. It is legal consent.
- D. It is a type of financial agreement.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A living will states the client's wishes regarding healthcare if terminally ill. It does not specify information regarding nontreatment only, it is not a legal consent, and it is not a type of financial agreement.
The LPN has the responsibility to take the vital signs for a client who had a surgical procedure earlier that day. The blood pressure results were 78/42 mm Hg from a previous 132/74 mm Hg. The LPN documented the results without reporting them to the RN in charge. The client developed shock and died 3 hours later. What type of unintentional tort may the nurse be sued for?
- A. Defamation
- B. Battery
- C. Assault
- D. Malpractice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The law defines malpractice as professional negligence. It refers to harm that result from a licensed person's actions or lack of action. A jury must determine if the responsible person's conduct deviated from the standard expected of others with similar education and experience. All other answers are intentional torts.
The nurse is assigned to a group of clients on the medical floor. A client at the hospital has a neighbor visit who asks the nurse what is wrong with the client. The nurse checks the client's electronic medical record (EMR) and proceeds to inform the visitor about the client's diagnosis. What federal guideline has the nurse violated?
- A. HIPAA
- B. Nurse Practice Act
- C. Hospital policy
- D. Agency standards of practice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client has the right to request restrictions and confidential communications concerning protected health information, which is an overview of the major client protections provided by HIPAA. The nurse may also have violated the hospital's policy and/or an agency's standards of practice, depending on their verbiage, and the Nurse Practice Act, but the federal guideline violated is HIPAA.
Which type of law concerns offenses that violate the public's welfare?
- A. Statutory law
- B. Common law
- C. Administrative law
- D. Criminal law
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Criminal law concerns offenses that violate the public's welfare. Statutory law is law that any local, state, or federal legislative body enacts. Common is based on earlier court decisions, judgment, and decrees. Administrative law means that regulatory agencies enforce the rules and regulations that concern health, welfare, and safety of federal and state citizens.