Nokea
Which of the following is an adverse effect to therapeutic radiation therapy?
- A. Fibrosis
- B. Alopecia
- C. Oral dryness
- D. Xerostomia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Xerostomia (dry mouth) is a common adverse effect of radiation therapy, particularly when the head or neck is irradiated, due to damage to salivary glands.
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A parent of a 9-year-old child newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus is very concerned about the child going to school and participating in social events. The nurse creating a plan of care should formulate which goals to address these concerns? Select all that apply.
- A. The child's normal growth and development will be maintained.
- B. The child will use effective coping mechanisms to manage anxiety.
- C. The child and family will discuss all aspects of the illness and its treatments.
- D. The child and family will integrate diabetes care into patterns of daily living.
- E. The child and family will discuss their concerns with the child's teachers and the school nurse.
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: To effectively manage social events in the child's life, the family and the child need to integrate the care and management of diabetes into their daily living. In addition, the child's teachers and the school nurse should be aware of their concerns. The other options may be appropriate goals, but they do not deal with social issues.
A client with a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is prescribed calcitonin (Miacalcin). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hypercalcemia.
- B. Hypocalcemia.
- C. Hyperkalemia.
- D. Hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcitonin lowers serum calcium levels, so the nurse should monitor for hypocalcemia as a potential side effect.
A client with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus is prescribed insulin aspart (NovoLog). The nurse should explain that this insulin:
- A. Provides a steady basal insulin level.
- B. Is administered immediately before meals.
- C. Should be mixed with long-acting insulin.
- D. Is taken once daily at bedtime.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin aspart is a rapid-acting insulin administered immediately before meals to control postprandial glucose.
Which of the following should be a priority nursing diagnosis for a client who has had a total laryngectomy?
- A. Risk for impaired skin integrity.
- B. Excess fluid volume.
- C. Ineffective thermoregulation.
- D. Impaired verbal communication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Impaired verbal communication is the priority after a total laryngectomy due to the loss of vocal cords, affecting communication ability.
The nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client with type 2 diabetes. Which site is most appropriate for subcutaneous injection?
- A. Deltoid muscle.
- B. Lower back.
- C. Abdomen.
- D. Upper thigh.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The abdomen provides consistent absorption for subcutaneous insulin due to its stable subcutaneous tissue and is a preferred site.