Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank

Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank Related

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Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention to prevent infection in patients with AIDS?

  • A. Prohibiting patients who are severely immunodeficient from having any visitors.
  • B. Prohibiting visitors with a cough.
  • C. Wearing protective gear such as gown, mask, gloves, and goggles when entering the room.
  • D. Ensuring protective barrier isolation precautions are in place.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Wearing protective gear such as gown, mask, gloves, and goggles when entering the room is crucial to prevent infection in patients with AIDS. This intervention helps to minimize the risk of transmitting pathogens to the patient and vice versa. The protective gear acts as a barrier to prevent the spread of infectious agents. It also protects healthcare workers from exposure to potentially harmful pathogens.

Prohibiting visitors who are severely immunodeficient (choice A) may be isolating for the patient and does not directly address preventing infection transmission. Prohibiting visitors with a cough (choice B) is important but does not cover all potential sources of infection. Ensuring protective barrier isolation precautions are in place (choice D) is a general statement and does not specify the practical steps needed to prevent infection transmission effectively.

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Which of the following is an example of a well-stated nursing intervention?

  • A. Client will drink 100 mL of water every 2 hours while awake.
  • B. Offer client 100 mL of water every 2 hours while awake.
  • C. Offer client water when he complains of thirst.
  • D. Client will continue to increase oral intake when awake.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides a specific action (offering water) at regular intervals (every 2 hours) to promote hydration, which is a clear and measurable nursing intervention. Choice A is too prescriptive and lacks flexibility. Choice C is reactive and not proactive. Choice D is vague and lacks specific guidance on how to achieve the desired outcome. By offering water consistently, the nurse ensures proactive care and helps meet the client's hydration needs effectively.

Miss OB’s malignant tumor in her left breast was discovered to be spreading all over the surrounding and adjacent tissue and not entering the blood stream, it would be:

  • A. Malignant
  • B. Non-malignant
  • C. Benign
  • D. B and C
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Malignant. A malignant tumor spreading to surrounding tissues indicates invasive growth, characteristic of malignancy. It is aggressive and can invade nearby structures. Non-malignant tumors are localized and do not invade surrounding tissues. Benign tumors are non-invasive and do not spread to other parts of the body. Choice D is incorrect because a tumor spreading to surrounding tissues is indicative of malignancy, not benignity.

Minda, a 65-year old female has been admitted with a left hemisphere stroke. Which behavioral change would the nurse expect to find upon assessment?

  • A. impulsive, unsafe activity
  • B. motor deficits on the right eye
  • C. motor deficits on the left side of the body
  • D. error in word choices
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: error in word choices. In left hemisphere stroke, language and speech centers are usually affected, leading to aphasia. This results in errors in word choices, difficulty expressing thoughts, and understanding language. Impulsivity and unsafe activities (choice A) are more commonly associated with frontal lobe damage. Motor deficits on the right eye (choice B) and left side of the body (choice C) are typical in strokes affecting the motor cortex, which is located in the contralateral hemisphere.

Several days before admission, a client reports finding a small lump in the left breast near the nipple. What should the nurse tell the client to do?

  • A. Inform the physician immediately
  • B. Check the area after the next menstrual
  • C. Squeeze the nipple to check for period
  • D. Put a heating pad on the area to reduce inflammation
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inform the physician immediately. This is important because finding a lump in the breast could be a sign of breast cancer, so prompt medical evaluation is crucial. Checking after the next menstrual cycle (B) may delay diagnosis and treatment. Squeezing the nipple (C) can cause harm and is not a reliable method for assessing a lump. Using a heating pad (D) is not recommended as it may mask symptoms and delay proper evaluation. Early detection and intervention are key in improving outcomes for breast cancer.

Mr. Garcia, a 41-year old chronic alcohol drinker is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood. He was diagnosed to have a bleeding gastric ulcer and suddenly develops sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen. This likely indicates:

  • A. development of intestinal
  • B. inflammation of the esophagus
  • C. perforation of the ulcer
  • D. development of additional ulcers
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen in a patient with a bleeding gastric ulcer indicates a perforation of the ulcer. Perforation leads to leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity, causing peritonitis. This presentation requires immediate surgical intervention. Option A is incorrect as intestinal development does not correlate with the symptoms described. Option B is incorrect because inflammation of the esophagus would not lead to a rigid boardlike abdomen. Option D is incorrect as the sudden onset of symptoms is more indicative of a complication like perforation rather than the development of additional ulcers.

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