Nokea
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy?
- A. Administering vaccinations
- B. Performing a surgical procedure
- C. Teaching healthy lifestyle choices
- D. Prescribing medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, administering vaccinations, because primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease or injury before it occurs. Vaccinations protect individuals from getting infected by certain diseases, thus directly preventing the onset of the disease. This strategy targets the root cause of the problem, which aligns with the goal of primary prevention.
B: Performing a surgical procedure is a treatment intervention, not a prevention strategy.
C: Teaching healthy lifestyle choices is a health promotion strategy, not solely focused on preventing diseases.
D: Prescribing medication is a treatment intervention and not aimed at preventing the initial occurrence of a disease.
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Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional instruction in administering
insulin?
- A. 'I need to rotate injection sites among my arms, legs, and abdomen each day.'
- B. 'I can buy the 0.5 mL syringes because the line markings will be easier to see.'
- C. 'I should draw up the regular insulin first after injecting air into the NPH bottle.'
- D. 'I do not need to aspirate the plunger to check for blood before injecting insulin.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I need to rotate injection sites among my arms, legs, and abdomen each day." This statement indicates a need for additional instruction because rotating injection sites within the same day is not recommended. Insulin injections should be given at the same general time each day but rotated within the same anatomical site to avoid inconsistent absorption rates and potential lipohypertrophy. Choices B, C, and D all demonstrate correct understanding of insulin administration techniques, including syringe selection based on markings, correct order of drawing up insulin types, and the lack of need to aspirate the plunger to check for blood before injecting.
Which of the following theories explains that organizations are made up of intertwined links and diversified choices that generate unanticipated consequences?
- A. Contingency theory
- B. Closed system theory
- C. Open system theory
- D. Chaos theory
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chaos theory. This theory explains that organizations are complex systems with interconnected elements that can lead to unpredictable outcomes. Chaos theory emphasizes the nonlinear dynamics and sensitivity to initial conditions within organizations.
A: Contingency theory focuses on the idea that there is no one best way to organize. It does not specifically address the generation of unanticipated consequences.
B: Closed system theory assumes organizations are isolated and self-sufficient, which does not align with the idea of generating unanticipated consequences.
C: Open system theory emphasizes how organizations interact with their environment, but it does not directly address the generation of unanticipated consequences within the organization.
Which of the following is a recommendation for avoiding charges of negligence and false imprisonment for confused clients?
- A. Carefully assess and document client status.
- B. Ensure all patient information is logged out and the nurse has signed out of the computer before leaving the computer station.
- C. Keep careful notes while providing care to ensure accurate documentation later in the day.
- D. Discuss safety needs with clients.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Carefully assessing and documenting client status is crucial to avoid charges of negligence and false imprisonment. By assessing and documenting client status, healthcare providers can ensure they are meeting the client's needs and providing appropriate care. This helps in demonstrating that the healthcare provider acted responsibly.
Option B is incorrect because ensuring all patient information is logged out and the nurse has signed out of the computer before leaving the computer station relates more to patient privacy and data security, rather than avoiding charges of negligence and false imprisonment. Option C, keeping careful notes while providing care, is important for accurate documentation but does not directly address the risk of negligence or false imprisonment. Option D, discussing safety needs with clients, is important but does not specifically address the legal aspects of negligence and false imprisonment.
A client with limited mobility in their lower extremities is at risk for skin breakdown. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent skin breakdown?
- A. Place the client in high-Fowler's position.
- B. Increase the client's intake of carbohydrates.
- C. Massage areas of skin that are darker than the surrounding skin tissue with unscented lotion.
- D. Have the client use a trapeze bar when changing position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increase the client's intake of carbohydrates. Adequate nutrition, including carbohydrates, is essential for skin health and wound healing. Carbohydrates provide energy for the body's healing processes. Skin breakdown can be prevented by ensuring the client has a well-balanced diet.
A: Placing the client in high-Fowler's position is not directly related to preventing skin breakdown in this scenario.
C: Massaging areas of skin that are darker than the surrounding skin tissue with lotion may cause more harm than good, as it can increase the risk of skin breakdown.
D: Having the client use a trapeze bar when changing position is important for mobility but does not directly address the prevention of skin breakdown.
Which of the following is NOT considered a withdrawal behavior?
- A. Turnover
- B. Strategies
- C. Stress
- D. Punctuality
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Strategies. Withdrawal behaviors are actions employees take to mentally or physically disengage from their work or organization. Turnover involves leaving the organization, stress is a psychological response, and punctuality relates to attendance. Strategies, on the other hand, refer to the methods or plans individuals use to achieve goals, which is not directly related to withdrawal behaviors. Thus, it is not considered a withdrawal behavior.