Nokea
Which of the following is an example of artificially acquired active immunity? Select all that apply.
- A. An individual who is exposed to chickenpox for the first time and has no immunity to the disease
- B. Administration of the varicella vaccine to an individual who has no immunity to the disease
- C. An individual who is exposed to pertussis for the first time and has no immunity to the disease
- D. Administration of the influenza vaccine to an individual who has no immunity to the disease
- E. Administration of the rubella vaccine to an individual who has no immunity to the disease
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Artificially acquired active immunity occurs when an individual is given a killed or weakened antigen, which stimulates the formation of antibodies against the antigen. The antigen does not cause the disease, but the individual still manufactures specific antibodies against the disease.
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Vaccines containing live organisms are not administered to clients taking which of the following drugs as insufficient numbers of antibodies are produced to prevent the disease because these drugs suppress the immune system? Select all that apply.
- A. Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
- B. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
- C. Prednisolone (Orapred)
- D. Paclitaxel (Taxol)
- E. Vincristine (Oncovin)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Live vaccines are contraindicated with corticosteroids (methylprednisolone, prednisolone) and antineoplastic drugs (paclitaxel, vincristine) due to immune suppression.
Human immune globulin intravenous (IGIV) products have been associated with renal problems. The nurse understands that which clients should not receive IGIV? Select all that apply.
- A. Clients with diabetes mellitus
- B. Clients 65 years of age or older
- C. Clients receiving vancomycin
- D. Clients with pre-existing renal disease
- E. Clients receiving cephalexin
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: IGIV is contraindicated in clients with diabetes, those 65 or older, those with pre-existing renal disease, or those receiving nephrotoxic drugs like vancomycin.
When describing humoral immunity to a group of nursing students, which of the following would the instructor most likely include? Select all that apply.
- A. B lymphocytes are involved.
- B. An antigen-antibody response occurs.
- C. An immunity that is independent of cell-mediated immunity occurs.
- D. T lymphocytes are activated.
- E. The immunity protects the body against bacterial, viral, and fungal infections.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Humoral immunity involves B lymphocytes and antigen-antibody responses, protecting against bacterial and viral infections.
After administering the pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax) to a client, the nurse documents which of the following in the client's chart? Select all that apply.
- A. Date of next vaccination
- B. Vaccine lot number
- C. Vaccine expiration date
- D. Route and site of vaccine administration
- E. Name, address, and title of client vaccinated
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Documentation includes vaccine lot number, expiration date, and route/site of administration.
When educating a group of nursing students on immunologic agents, the nurse explains about a particular kind of immunity that develops by injecting ready-made antibodies found in the serum of immune individuals or animals. Which of the following kinds of immunity is the nurse referring to?
- A. Active immunity
- B. Cell-mediated immunity
- C. Humoral immunity
- D. Passive immunity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Passive immunity involves injecting ready-made antibodies from immune individuals or animals.