Which of the following is an example of revision?
- A. Typing the first draft of an essay
- B. Reading sentences for clarity and making necessary changes
- C. Creating a list of all sources used within the essay
- D. Mapping out possible topics and subtopics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because revision involves reviewing and editing sentences for clarity and making necessary changes to improve the overall quality of the writing. Choice A is incorrect because typing the first draft is part of the drafting process, not revision. Choice C is incorrect as creating a list of sources is related to research and citation but not revision. Choice D is incorrect as mapping out topics and subtopics is typically done during the outlining or prewriting stages, not during the revision process.
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The following words share a common Greek-based suffix: anthropology, biology, cosmetology, etymology, and genealogy. What is the most likely meaning of the suffix -logy?
- A. Record
- B. Study
- C. Science
- D. Technique
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Study.' The suffix -logy is derived from the Greek word 'logia,' meaning 'the study of.' In words like anthropology (study of humans), biology (study of life), cosmetology (study of cosmetics), etymology (study of word origins), and genealogy (study of family history), the suffix -logy indicates a field of study or discipline. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the suffix -logy does not signify 'record,' 'science,' or 'technique,' but rather the concept of 'study' or 'science of.'
Which of the following sentences best represents style and clarity of expression?
- A. Without adequate preparation, the test was likely to be a failure for Zara.
- B. The test was likely to be a failure for Zara without adequate preparation.
- C. Without adequate preparation, Zara expected to fail the test.
- D. Zara expected to fail the test without adequate preparation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C, 'Without adequate preparation, Zara expected to fail the test,' is the best option as it maintains clarity and conciseness. The subject 'Zara' is directly linked to the action 'expected to fail the test' with the cause 'Without adequate preparation' clearly stated at the beginning. This structure enhances the flow of the sentence and makes it easier to understand. Choices A, B, and D are less clear as they place the cause and effect in less optimal positions, resulting in a less effective and concise expression of the idea.
Which of the following represents the correct plural form of the word 'syllabus'?
- A. Syllabus
- B. Syllaba
- C. Syllabi
- D. Syllabis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct plural form of 'syllabus' is 'syllabi.' In English, when a word ends in -us, the plural form is often changed to -i. Therefore, 'Syllabi' is the correct plural form. Choice A, 'Syllabus,' is the singular form, not the plural. Choice B, 'Syllaba,' does not follow the standard pluralization rule for words ending in -us. Choice D, 'Syllabis,' is an incorrect plural form that does not follow the standard English pluralization rules.
Which of the following is a simple sentence?
- A. Phillippa walked the dog, and Primula gave the dog a bath.
- B. Phillippa walked and bathed the dog, and Primula helped.
- C. Phillippa walked the dog, while Primula gave the dog a bath.
- D. Phillippa and Primula walked the dog and gave the dog a bath.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A simple sentence contains only one independent clause. Choice D, 'Phillippa and Primula walked the dog and gave the dog a bath,' is a simple sentence as it consists of a single subject (Phillippa and Primula) and predicate (walked the dog and gave the dog a bath). Choices A, B, and C contain multiple clauses or conjunctions that create compound sentences, making them more complex and not fitting the criteria of a simple sentence.
Which of the answer choices best combines the following four sentences into two sentences? I'm usually good about keeping track of my keys. I lost them. I spent hours looking for them. I found them in the freezer.
- A. I lost my keys, even though I'm usually good about keeping track of them. I found them in the freezer and spent hours looking for them.
- B. I spent hours looking for my keys and found them in the freezer. I had lost them, even though I'm usually good about keeping track of them.
- C. I'm usually good about keeping track of my keys, but I lost them. After spending hours looking for them, I found them in the freezer.
- D. I'm usually good about keeping track of my keys, but I lost them in the freezer. I had to spend hours looking for them.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Combining the sentences is most effective when using 'but' to contrast the two ideas. Option C is concise, clear, and provides the best flow, accurately capturing both the contrast 'but I lost them' and the sequence of events 'After spending hours looking for them, I found them in the freezer.' Options A, B, and D do not effectively combine the sentences or maintain the sequence of events and contrast between keeping track of the keys and losing them.