Nokea
Which of the following is an INDICATOR of effective communication?
- A. Receiver
- B. Sender
- C. Feedback
- D. Non verbal communication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Feedback is an essential indicator of effective communication because it allows the sender to understand how the message was received by the receiver. It provides an opportunity to clarify any misunderstandings, confirm understanding, and ensure that the communication has been successful. Without feedback, the sender cannot be sure if their message was accurately understood or if further explanation or clarification is needed. Effective communication involves a two-way exchange, and feedback plays a crucial role in ensuring that the message is effectively transmitted and received.
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Patient Sienna who seems to be irritated with the nurse said "I don't want to talk with you because you're only a nurse. I will wait for my doctor. " Which of the following should the nurse say I'm response to the patient?
- A. Your doctor prescribed this for us to do nursing care.
- B. I understand. I should call your doctor.
- C. I' m angry with the way you dismiss me.
- D. So then you would prefer to speak with your doctor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to acknowledge the patient's preference and respect their choice. By responding with "So then you would prefer to speak with your doctor?" the nurse is showing understanding and willingness to accommodate the patient's request. This response helps to maintain a positive and respectful interaction with the patient.
Which of the following conditions does the nurse explain to the patient the contributory factor that slows uterine involution?
- A. Full bladder during labor
- B. Difficult birth
- C. Prolonged labor
- D. Infection during pregnancy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prolonged labor is a condition in which labor lasts for an extended period, typically more than 20 hours for first-time mothers and more than 14 hours for experienced mothers. Prolonged labor can contribute to slowing down uterine involution because the prolonged pressure and strain on the uterus can affect its ability to return to its pre-pregnancy size and position. The prolonged contractions and stretching of the uterine muscles can hinder the normal process of uterine involution, leading to a delay in the uterus shrinking back to its non-pregnant state. Additionally, prolonged labor can increase the risk of postpartum complications such as excessive bleeding and infection, which can further impact uterine involution. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare providers to monitor labor progress closely to prevent prolonged labor and its potential effects on uterine involution.
The nurse specialist cites a situation. If a patient experiences episodes of severe nausea and vomiting with more than 1,000 ml. of vomitus with in a period of four hours, which of the following is the nurses MOST appropriate action?
- A. Withhold fluids for four hours
- B. Observe the patient for another four hours
- C. Notify the physician
- D. Place the patient on a liquid diet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe nausea and vomiting with a large volume of vomitus can indicate a serious underlying issue such as gastrointestinal obstruction or other medical emergencies. In this situation, it is crucial for the nurse to notify the physician immediately so that further assessment and appropriate management can be initiated promptly. Delay in seeking medical help can lead to complications and worsen the patient's condition. It is important to act quickly and involve the physician in situations where the patient's health may be at risk.
After administering anesthesia to the patient, the nurse notices a sudden drop in blood pressure. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer vasopressors to increase blood pressure
- B. Assess the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation
- C. Document the blood pressure readings in the anesthesia record
- D. Notify the anesthesiologist immediately
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's priority action after noticing a sudden drop in blood pressure after administering anesthesia is to assess the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs). This is crucial to determine the immediate cause of the sudden drop in blood pressure and to ensure the patient's safety and stability. Assessment of the ABCs will help identify any potential airway obstruction, respiratory distress, or circulatory issues that may be contributing to the drop in blood pressure. Once the assessment is done, appropriate interventions can be initiated to stabilize the patient's condition. Administering vasopressors, documenting the blood pressure readings, and notifying the anesthesiologist are important actions but assessing the ABCs takes precedence in this situation to ensure the patient's immediate needs are addressed.
A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease presents with weakness, anorexia, and confusion. Laboratory tests reveal severe anemia, low reticulocyte count, elevated serum creatinine, and decreased erythropoietin levels. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause these findings?
- A. Anemia of chronic disease
- B. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
- C. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)
- D. Renal failure-associated anemia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The clinical presentation of a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) presenting with weakness, anorexia, confusion, severe anemia, low reticulocyte count, elevated serum creatinine, and decreased erythropoietin levels is most consistent with renal failure-associated anemia. In CKD, the kidneys are unable to produce adequate amounts of erythropoietin, a hormone responsible for stimulating red blood cell production in the bone marrow. The decreased erythropoietin levels lead to a state of anemia, characterized by low hemoglobin levels and subsequent symptoms of fatigue and weakness. The anemia in renal failure is typically normocytic and normochromic. Additionally, the elevated serum creatinine in this patient is a hallmark of kidney dysfunction.