Nokea
Which of the following is an outcome of the drug memantine (Namenda) in clients with advanced stages of Alzheimer disease?
- A. Less depression
- B. Increased brain excitability
- C. Lessens symptoms
- D. Decreased brain excitability
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients in advanced stages of Alzheimer disease have fewer symptoms when taking memantine than others who were given a placebo.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which medication classification is given to counteract extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?
- A. Antidepressants
- B. Antianxiety
- C. Anticholinergics
- D. Anticonvulsants
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anticholinergic drugs such as Artane and Cogentin are given to prevent or relieve EPS. Antidepressants, antianxiety, and anticonvulsant medications are not given to counteract EPS.
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the client being prescribed antipsychotic medications. Which discharge instruction(s) should be included? Select all that apply.
- A. Stop the medication for any side effects.
- B. Double the next dose if you forget one dose.
- C. Report any rhythmic, involuntary movements of the tongue, face, mouth, jaw, or extremities immediately.
- D. Take all antipsychotic medications as directed.
- E. Notify the health care provider if you have hypertension or severe muscle stiffness.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: When providing discharge instructions to a client prescribed antipsychotic medications, the nurse should instruct the client to take all medications as directed and notify the health care provider for any side effects including a high fever, increased confusion, dyspnea, tachycardia, hypertension, severe muscle weakness, or loss of bladder control, because these are signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Similarly, the client should immediately report any rhythmic, involuntary movements of the tongue, face, mouth, jaw, or extremities, because these are signs of tardive dyskinesia. The client should not abruptly stop medications or double the dosage at any time.
The nurse is caring for a client with Alzheimer disease. When discussing neuron damage, which statement best represents the cause of neuron death?
- A. Neurons die from a lack of oxygen.
- B. Neurons die from microtubule disintegration.
- C. Neurons die from an elevated neurotransmitter level.
- D. Neurons die from diminished blood flow.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alzheimer disease includes mutated genes that disrupt the processing of the amyloid precursor protein following a series of steps in which neuron degeneration occurs. The nurse is correct to identify that neurons die from microtubule disintegration. Oxygen level, blood flow, and an elevated neurotransmitter level are not responsible for neuron death.
The nurse is discharging four clients from the behavioral health unit. Which client would be the best candidate for long-term inpatient care?
- A. The client experiencing hallucinations
- B. The client with feelings of persecution
- C. The client with a love interest
- D. The client with suspicion and anger
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Once a client is in the mental health system, every effort is made to avoid institutionalization. The exception is when the client is dangerous to self and others. The nurse is most correct to anticipate the client with suspicion and anger to be the best candidate for long-term inpatient care. Clients who have hallucinations or feelings of persecution and those with a love interest being discharged from a behavioral health unit can be monitored in an outpatient setting.
Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be of highest priority for a client diagnosed with advanced Alzheimer disease?
- A. Chronic Confusion
- B. Memory Impairment
- C. Impaired Verbal Communication
- D. Aspiration Risk
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When identifying a priority, select the diagnosis that could be the most harmful. The nurse is most correct to select Aspiration Risk as the highest priority. Aspiration can potentially cause pneumonia. Memory Impairment and Chronic Confusion are manageable with appropriate supervision. Impaired Verbal Communication is an obstacle in expressing thoughts and feelings.