Which of the following is characteristic of a dissociative disorder?
- A. phobic disorder
- B. amnesia
- C. paranoia
- D. depression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dissociative disorders feature disruptions like amnesia, distinguishing them from phobias or paranoia.
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An individual is seeking treatment for bulimia nervosa. The therapist decides to use cognitive behavioral therapy and medication. For what medication can a nurse expect to develop a patient education program?
- A. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).
- B. Lithium.
- C. Acamprosate.
- D. A benzodiazepine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). SSRIs are commonly used in treating bulimia nervosa due to their effectiveness in reducing binge eating and purging behaviors. They work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which helps regulate mood and appetite control. A nurse would develop a patient education program for SSRIs to explain their mechanism of action, potential side effects, how to take them correctly, and the importance of compliance.
Summary:
- Lithium is not typically used for bulimia nervosa and is more commonly used for bipolar disorder.
- Acamprosate is used for alcohol dependence, not bulimia nervosa.
- Benzodiazepines are not indicated for bulimia nervosa and are typically used for anxiety disorders or insomnia.
A client has been admitted with disorganized type schizophrenia. The nurse observes blunted affect and social isolation. The client occasionally curses or calls another client a 'jerk' without provocation. The nurse asks the client how he is feeling, and he responds, 'Everybody picks on me. They frobitz me.' The best response for the nurse to make would be:
- A. That's really too bad.'
- B. Who do you mean when you say 'everybody'?'
- C. What difference does frobitzing make?'
- D. Why do they frobitz?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Who do you mean when you say 'everybody'?" This response is the best because it acknowledges the client's feelings and seeks clarification. By asking for specifics, the nurse can gain a better understanding of the client's perceptions and experiences, which can help in providing appropriate care and support.
Choice A: "That's really too bad." This response lacks empathy and does not address the client's concerns directly.
Choice C: "What difference does frobitzing make?" This response is dismissive and does not focus on the client's feelings or experiences.
Choice D: "Why do they frobitz?" This response is confrontational and may make the client feel defensive, hindering effective communication and rapport-building.
For those family members who desire to care at home for loved ones who have been given a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, it is important for the nurse to ensure that the family is aware of which caregiver skills and responsibilities will be necessary. What is one of the responsibilities of the caregiver during the middle stage of the disease?
- A. Helping the loved one with memory and communication problems.
- B. Providing a stable, routine environment.
- C. Providing complete assistance with physical care.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale:
1. During the middle stage of Alzheimer's disease, individuals often experience memory and communication problems.
2. Caregivers need to assist with memory tasks and facilitate effective communication.
3. Helping the loved one with memory and communication problems is crucial for their well-being and quality of life.
4. This responsibility helps maintain a sense of connection and understanding between the caregiver and the individual with Alzheimer's.
Summary:
- Option A is correct as it aligns with the specific needs of individuals in the middle stage of Alzheimer's.
- Option B is incorrect as providing a stable, routine environment is more relevant in the early stages.
- Option C is incorrect as complete assistance with physical care is more common in the later stages.
- Option D is incorrect as caregiver responsibilities are essential in all stages of the disease.
An 11-year-old boy stays home from school to care for his siblings while his mother works, because the family cannot afford a babysitter. During the community mental health nurse's visit, he reveals that he thinks his father does not like him because he calls him 'stupid' all the time. He states he is too dumb to learn much and has no friends at school because he does not deserve them. Which nursing diagnosis should be the priority for the child?
- A. Helplessness
- B. Knowledge deficit
- C. Ineffective coping
- D. Chronic low self-esteem
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chronic low self-esteem. This diagnosis is appropriate because the child displays a negative self-concept, feeling unworthy, lacking confidence, and believing he is "stupid" and undeserving of friends. This impacts his self-worth and psychological well-being. Chronic low self-esteem is the priority to address as it affects various aspects of his life.
Choice A: Helplessness may seem relevant due to the family situation, but the child's core issue is more about self-worth than feeling helpless in his situation.
Choice B: Knowledge deficit is not the priority as the child's issue lies more in his emotional well-being rather than lack of information.
Choice C: Ineffective coping might be a concern, but the root of his struggles is his self-esteem, making chronic low self-esteem the primary focus.
The nurse is sitting with a patient diagnosed as having schizophrenia, disorganized type, who starts to laugh uncontrollably, although nothing funny has occurred. The nurse should say:
- A. Please share the joke with me.'
- B. Why are you laughing?'
- C. I don't think I said anything funny.'
- D. You're laughing. Tell me what's happening.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it acknowledges the patient's behavior in a non-confrontational manner and invites the patient to share their experience. By saying "You're laughing. Tell me what's happening," the nurse shows empathy and encourages open communication. Choice A may unintentionally minimize the patient's experience. Choice B may come off as accusatory. Choice C doesn't actively engage the patient in conversation. Encouraging the patient to express their feelings can help establish trust and facilitate therapeutic communication.