Nokea
Which of the following is least considered to be a normal variant in newborns?
- A. Milia
- B. Neonatal pustular melanosis
- C. Dermal melanocytosis
- D. Infantile acropustulosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infantile acropustulosis is not considered a normal variant in newborns; it is a rare condition characterized by recurrent pustular eruptions.
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Regarding intussusception in childhood:
- A. Incidence is most common in children over 3 years of age
- B. Barium enema is the investigation of choice
- C. Patient commonly presents with constant abdominal pain
- D. It is associated with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intussusception is associated with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura, a condition that can cause inflammation and bleeding in the small blood vessels.
The causative organisms for endocarditis in pediatric patients are
- A. enterococci
- B. group B streptococci
- C. viridans-type streptococci
- D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Viridans streptococci are the most common cause of endocarditis in pediatric patients.
Pulmonary hypotension in a neonate associate with
- A. Diaphragmatic hernia
- B. Oxygen therapy
- C. Meconium aspiration
- D. Pneumothrax
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diaphragmatic hernia can lead to decreased lung expansion and pulmonary hypotension.
The nurse determines that a client who arrives in the preoperative holding area before surgery is allergic to bananas. Which action should the nurse implement prior to taking the client into the operative area?
- A. Replace latex-containing devices in the OR with alternate synthetic materials
- B. Administer an antihistamine before surgery.
- C. Notify the surgeon about the client's allergy to bananas.
- D. Prepare to administer an epinephrine injection during surgery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Banana allergy is associated with latex allergy. Replacing latex-containing devices prevents potential allergic reactions during surgery.
Recognised causes of delayed speech include:
- A. Hypothyroidism
- B. PKU
- C. Cystinuria
- D. Twins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypothyroidism is a known cause of delayed speech. PKU and deafness can also cause speech delays, but cystinuria is not associated with speech delay.