Nokea
Which of the following is NOT a physical cause often associated with Phonological disorder?
- A. A hearing impairment
- B. Cleft palate
- C. Small frontal lobes
- D. Cerebral palsy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frontal Lobes: One of four parts of the cerebrum that control voluntary movement, verbal expressions, problem solving, one's will power, and planning; not a common physical cause of phonological disorder.
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A nursing diagnosis for a patient with bulimia nervosa is Ineffective coping related to feelings of loneliness and isolation, as evidenced by use of overeating and self-induced vomiting to comfort self. Select the best outcome related to this diagnosis. Within 2 weeks, the patient will:
- A. Appropriately express angry feelings.
- B. Verbalize two positive things about self.
- C. Verbalize the importance of eating a balanced diet.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Patient's diagnosis indicates coping issues, not anger expression or self-esteem.
2. Patient's coping mechanism involves overeating and vomiting, not diet.
3. Outcome should focus on coping skills improvement, not unrelated goals.
4. None of the choices address the root issue of coping with loneliness and isolation.
5. Thus, the correct answer is D, as none of the options directly address the patient's ineffective coping mechanism.
The mother of a 2-year-old tells the nurse at the well-child clinic that her child likes to take a blanket wherever he goes. The mother asks if she should take the blanket away from the child. The nurse counsels the mother to allow the child to have the blanket because it reminds him of his mother and comforts him. The basis for this counseling is:
- A. Mahler's theory of object relations
- B. Freud's developmental theory
- C. Kernberg's conceptualization object constancy
- D. Sullivan's theory of 'good me'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mahler's theory of object relations. Mahler emphasizes the importance of transitional objects like a blanket for young children to provide comfort and security as they develop a sense of self and separation from their primary caregiver. This theory aligns with the situation described, where the child's attachment to the blanket symbolizes the bond with the mother.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Freud's developmental theory focuses on psychosexual stages and the role of unconscious processes, not specifically on transitional objects.
C: Kernberg's conceptualization of object constancy pertains to personality disorders and object relations in adult psychotherapy, not child development.
D: Sullivan's theory of 'good me' is about interpersonal relationships and self-esteem, not directly related to transitional objects in child development.
schizophrenia usually involves delusions of persecution and grandeur
- A. Catatonic
- B. Disorganized
- C. Paranoid
- D. Undifferentiated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Paranoid schizophrenia is marked by prominent delusions of persecution or grandeur.
A nurse is caring for a patient with bulimia nervosa. What is the most important aspect of the treatment plan?
- A. To encourage purging behaviors to eliminate binge episodes.
- B. To provide a structured meal plan and monitor food intake.
- C. To focus solely on achieving weight loss.
- D. To offer therapy focused on body image without addressing eating behaviors.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To provide a structured meal plan and monitor food intake. This is crucial in the treatment of bulimia nervosa as it helps establish regular eating patterns, prevent binge episodes, and promote healthy nutrition. Providing structure and monitoring food intake also helps in addressing underlying psychological issues related to disordered eating. Encouraging purging behaviors (choice A) can worsen the condition and lead to serious health complications. Focusing solely on weight loss (choice C) may reinforce unhealthy behaviors and neglect the holistic approach needed for recovery. Offering therapy focused only on body image (choice D) overlooks the critical component of addressing eating behaviors and nutritional needs.
Your pregnant patient has a history of major depression. Which of the following is she most likely to be at risk for?
- A. She is at risk for development of manic episodes.
- B. She is at risk for recurrence of depression after the birth of the baby.
- C. She is more likely to have an autistic child.
- D. She has no higher risk for emotional problems than other patients.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: History of major depression (B) is the biggest risk factor for postpartum depression, increasing the likelihood of recurrence post-delivery.