Nokea
Which of the following is not a realistic outcome to establish with a client who has multiple sclerosis (MS)? The client will develop:
- A. Joint mobility
- B. Muscle strength
- C. Cognition
- D. Mood elevation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While joint mobility, cognition, and mood elevation can be improved or maintained, muscle strength is often progressively affected by MS and may not be fully restored.
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How many distinct types of multiple sclerosis (MS) are there?
- A. 6
- B. 5
- C. 4
- D. 3
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is classified into four main types: relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary-progressive MS (SPMS), primary-progressive MS (PPMS), and progressive-relapsing MS (PRMS). Each type has distinct patterns of disease progression and symptom presentation.
Priority Decision: A patient is admitted to the emergency department with a possible cervical spinal cord injury following an automobile crash. During admission of the patient, what is the highest priority for the nurse?
- A. Maintaining a patent airway
- B. Maintaining immobilization of the cervical spine
- C. Assessing the patient for head and other injuries
- D. Assessing the patient's motor and sensory function
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immobilization prevents further injury.
Which of the following is a sign of urinary retention in older adults with neurologic deficit?
- A. Amnesia
- B. Hypotension
- C. Hypertension
- D. A behavior change
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Behavior changes, such as confusion, can indicate urinary retention.
Which intervention should you delegate to the nursing assistant for a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome preparing for surgery?
- A. Initiate placement of a splint for immobilization during the day.
- B. Assess the patient's wrist and hand for discoloration and brittle nails.
- C. Assist the patient with daily self-care measures such as bathing and eating.
- D. Test the patient for painful tingling in the four digits of the hand.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily self-care assistance is a suitable task for a nursing assistant.
The sensory root of the facial nerve
- A. Arises from the sulcus between the pons and medulla
- B. Is called the nervus intermedius
- C. Presents as a swelling in the bend called the otic ganglion
- D. Emerges from the base of the skull through the foramen ovale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sensory root of the facial nerve is called the nervus intermedius. It carries taste fibers from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and parasympathetic fibers to salivary glands.