Nokea
Which of the following is NOT a typical component of healthy semen?
- A. Sperm
- B. Fructose (sugar)
- C. Prostaglandins
- D. Urine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Healthy semen is composed of sperm, fructose (sugar), and prostaglandins. Urine is not a typical component of semen. While semen is ejaculated during sexual activity, urine is expelled through a separate pathway in the male reproductive system. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Urine.' Choices A, B, and C are all components found in healthy semen.
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What is the periodic table?
- A. A table of elements that are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.
- B. A table of elements that are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass.
- C. A table of elements that are arranged in order of their reactivity.
- D. A table of elements that are arranged in order of their color.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, organized based on their atomic number, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties. Elements are placed in rows (periods) and columns (groups) with similar properties. The elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. This arrangement reveals a periodic repetition of chemical properties, forming the basis of the periodic law. Choice B, which suggests arranging elements based on increasing atomic mass, is incorrect because the periodic table is primarily organized by atomic number, not atomic mass. Choices C and D are also incorrect as the periodic table is not based on reactivity or color of elements, but rather on atomic number and properties.
Which hormone, produced by the thyroid gland, plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism, growth, and development?
- A. Calcitonin
- B. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- C. Thyroxine
- D. Insulin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thyroxine, also known as T4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that plays a crucial role in regulating the body's metabolism, growth, and development. It helps control the rate at which the body uses energy, affects protein synthesis, and influences the body's sensitivity to other hormones. Calcitonin (A) is another hormone produced by the thyroid gland, but its primary function is to regulate calcium levels in the blood. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (B) is produced by the parathyroid glands and is involved in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. Insulin (D) is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels.
The gradual change in a species over time is called:
- A. Adaptation
- B. Evolution
- C. Speciation
- D. Natural selection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: - Adaptation refers to the process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment over time. While adaptation is a component of evolution, it specifically refers to the changes that help a species survive and reproduce in its environment.
- Speciation is the process by which new species arise from a single ancestral species. It involves the evolution of reproductive isolation between populations.
- Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the increase in frequency of those traits in a population.
- Evolution is the gradual change in a species over time, encompassing all the processes such as adaptation, speciation, and natural selection that drive these changes.
Which property of matter refers to the amount of space occupied by an object?
- A. Mass
- B. Volume
- C. Weight
- D. Density
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Volume refers to the amount of space occupied by an object. It is a measure of the three-dimensional space that an object occupies. Mass, on the other hand, refers to the amount of matter in an object, weight is the force of gravity acting on an object, and density is the mass of an object per unit volume. In this context, volume is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the amount of space an object occupies.
The liver plays a vital role in digestion. What is one of the main functions of the liver in the digestive system?
- A. Physical breakdown of food
- B. Production of digestive enzymes
- C. Storage and processing of nutrients
- D. Elimination of waste products
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Storage and processing of nutrients. The liver plays a crucial role in processing nutrients absorbed from the small intestine, storing glycogen, vitamins, and minerals, and regulating blood sugar levels by releasing or storing glucose as needed. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the physical breakdown of food primarily occurs in the mouth and stomach, the production of digestive enzymes is mainly carried out by the pancreas and small intestine, and the elimination of waste products is primarily managed by the large intestine and kidneys, not the liver.