Nokea
Which of the following is NOT included among the factors that should be considered by the nurse or the pregnant woman in interpreting results of pregnancy test?
- A. Last menstrual period
- B. Type of pregnancy test
- C. Previous pregnancy
- D. Menstrual cycle length
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The type of pregnancy test is not a factor that should be considered by the nurse or the pregnant woman in interpreting the results of a pregnancy test. Factors such as the last menstrual period, previous pregnancy history, and menstrual cycle length play a crucial role in determining the reliability and accuracy of the pregnancy test results.
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Past medical history section of Krini contains. the following, but NOT______
- A. Prenatal history
- B. Current history
- C. Child hood illness
- D. Birth history
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The past medical history section typically includes information about a person's medical background before the current point in time. This would involve details such as prenatal history, birth history, childhood illnesses, surgeries, and medical conditions that have occurred in the past. "Current history" would be more appropriate for the present medical status and ongoing health issues, hence it does not belong in the past medical history section.
When collecting evidence from a rape victim, the victim's clothing is removed and placed in a
- A. paper bag .
- B. Plastic bag
- C. Ziploc bag
- D. Trash bag
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When collecting evidence from a rape victim, it is important to handle the victim's clothing properly to preserve any potential evidence. The preferred method is to remove the clothing and place them in a paper bag. Paper bags are used in order to prevent the alteration or degradation of any DNA evidence that may be present on the clothing. Paper bags allow the clothing to breathe and prevent the growth of mold or other contaminants that can occur in plastic bags or trash bags. Additionally, paper bags help preserve trace evidence such as fibers or hairs that may be crucial in the investigation of the case. It is essential to handle and store the clothing correctly to maintain the integrity of the evidence for the investigation and potential prosecution.
A patient presents with progressive hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Audiometric testing reveals sensorineural hearing loss with a "carrot-shaped" configuration. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Presbycusis
- B. Noise-induced hearing loss
- C. Ménière's disease
- D. Acoustic neuroma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ménière's disease is characterized by the triad of symptoms including progressive sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. The audiometric testing in Ménière's disease often shows a "carrot-shaped" configuration, which refers to low-frequency hearing loss initially and eventually spreading to involve higher frequencies. This distinctive pattern of hearing loss helps differentiate Ménière's disease from other causes like Presbycusis (age-related hearing loss) or Noise-induced hearing loss. Acoustic neuroma can present with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss but typically does not exhibit the specific "carrot-shaped" configuration seen in Ménière's disease.
A patient admitted to the ICU develops septic shock with refractory hypotension despite fluid resuscitation. Which intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to improve the patient's hemodynamic status?
- A. Administer vasopressor medications to increase systemic vascular resistance.
- B. Initiate continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for fluid removal.
- C. Perform a bedside echocardiogram to assess cardiac function.
- D. Recommend a transfusion of packed red blood cells to optimize oxygen delivery.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a patient with septic shock and refractory hypotension despite fluid resuscitation, the healthcare team should prioritize administering vasopressor medications to increase systemic vascular resistance. Vasopressors such as norepinephrine or vasopressin can be used to support blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs by constricting blood vessels and improving blood flow. By increasing systemic vascular resistance, vasopressors help to counteract the excessive vasodilation seen in septic shock and improve hemodynamic stability. It is crucial to address hypotension promptly in septic shock to prevent organ dysfunction and failure. Other interventions, such as fluid removal through continuous renal replacement therapy, assessing cardiac function with echocardiogram, or optimizing oxygen delivery through a transfusion of packed red blood cells, may be considered based on specific patient factors but do not address the primary issue of inadequate perf
A woman in active labor is diagnosed with an amniotic fluid embolism. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- A. Administering oxygen via face mask
- B. Preparing for immediate cesarean section
- C. Initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
- D. Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An amniotic fluid embolism is a rare and life-threatening complication during labor and delivery. It occurs when amniotic fluid or fetal cells enter the maternal circulation, triggering a rapid immune response that can lead to cardiovascular collapse and respiratory failure. The priority nursing intervention for a woman in active labor diagnosed with an amniotic fluid embolism is to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to support her vital functions and circulation. Providing immediate CPR can help sustain her until further medical interventions can be implemented. Administering oxygen and preparing for a cesarean section may be necessary but should occur after CPR is initiated to stabilize the woman's condition. Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is not the priority in this emergency situation, as maintaining adequate cardiac and respiratory function takes precedence.