Nokea
Which of the following is one way to prevent burns and scalds?
- A. Using lids on all cold liquids served to residents
- B. Ensuring objects left in the sun are cool before using
- C. Serving liquids to residents while they are standing
- D. Using the highest settings on hair dryers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is correct:
1. Burns and scalds can occur when touching hot objects or liquids.
2. Ensuring objects left in the sun are cool before using prevents the risk of burns/scalds.
3. By allowing objects to cool down, the likelihood of accidental burns is reduced.
4. This proactive measure promotes safety in handling hot objects.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
- Choice A: Using lids on cold liquids doesn't directly prevent burns/scalds.
- Choice C: Serving liquids while standing doesn't address the risk of burns/scalds.
- Choice D: Using the highest settings on hair dryers can actually increase the risk of burns.
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A 40 year old obese patient with GCS of 8 requires a CT scan. Before transfer to the scanner, you should:
- A. Give more sedative drugs
- B. Insert a definitive airway
- C. Insert a multilumen esophageal airway
- D. Request a lateral cervical spine film
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Insert a definitive airway
Rationale:
1. Patient has a low GCS of 8, indicating impaired consciousness and airway protection.
2. Obesity can further complicate airway management during sedation.
3. Inserting a definitive airway ensures adequate oxygenation and ventilation.
4. CT scan can cause respiratory depression, necessitating secure airway before transfer.
5. Multilumen esophageal airway is not indicated as it does not secure the airway.
6. Sedative drugs should be used cautiously due to the risk of respiratory depression.
7. Lateral cervical spine film is not necessary before CT scan in this scenario.
Edema is the medical term for
- A. Breaking
- B. Swelling
- C. Shrinking
- D. Sleeping
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Edema is the medical term for swelling. It occurs when excess fluid accumulates in body tissues, leading to swelling. The correct answer is B because edema is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid causing swelling. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the medical term edema. Breaking (A) does not relate to fluid accumulation, Shrinking (C) is the opposite of swelling, and Sleeping (D) is unrelated to the concept of edema.
Which of the following is a symptom of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)?
- A. Eating everything on the tray at every meal
- B. Sweating profusely during meals
- C. Having a fever during meals
- D. Watering eyes during meals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because watering eyes during meals can be a symptom of dysphagia due to the body's natural response to difficulty swallowing. When swallowing is challenging, the body may produce excessive tears as a protective mechanism.
A - Eating everything on the tray at every meal is not a symptom of dysphagia but rather a behavior related to overeating or other eating disorders.
B - Sweating profusely during meals is not a direct symptom of dysphagia but can be related to anxiety, spicy foods, or other medical conditions.
C - Having a fever during meals is not a typical symptom of dysphagia but may indicate an underlying infection or illness.
Which of the following statements is true of hepatitis B (HBV)?
- A. HBV is not a serious threat to healthcare workers.
- B. The vaccine for HBV helps prevent the disease.
- C. HBV is spread by drinking contaminated water.
- D. HBV cannot cause death.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The vaccine for HBV helps prevent the disease. This is true because the hepatitis B vaccine is highly effective in preventing HBV infection. It works by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies that provide protection against the virus. Healthcare workers are recommended to get vaccinated due to the occupational risk of exposure.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: HBV is a serious threat to healthcare workers due to the potential for occupational exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids.
C: HBV is primarily spread through exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids, not through drinking contaminated water.
D: HBV can cause severe liver damage, liver cancer, and even death if left untreated.
Edema is the medical term for
- A. Breaking
- B. Swelling
- C. Shrinking
- D. Sleeping
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Edema is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in body tissues, leading to swelling. The correct answer is B: Swelling. The term "edema" specifically refers to the swelling caused by fluid retention. Choice A, Breaking, is incorrect as it does not relate to fluid accumulation. Choice C, Shrinking, is incorrect as it is the opposite of swelling. Choice D, Sleeping, is also incorrect as it is not related to the medical term for swelling.