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Which of the following is recognized for developing the concept of HIGH LEVEL WELLNESS?
- A. Erikson
- B. Madaw
- C. Peplau
- D. Dunn
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Halbert Dunn's High-Level Wellness (1950s) concept frames health as maximizing potential within environmental limits e.g., thriving despite chronic illness. Unlike Erikson's stages, Madaw (unknown), or Peplau's relations, Dunn's idea influences nursing's focus on optimal functioning, not just disease absence, shaping wellness programs.
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Which of the following statement is NOT true about nonmaleficence?
- A. Avoiding harm
- B. Part of nursing ethics
- C. Always prevents all harm
- D. Applies to all actions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nonmaleficence avoids harm (A), is ethical (B), applies broadly (D) 'always prevents all harm' (C) isn't true, as some harm (e.g., injections) is unavoidable, per ethics. It aims to minimize, not eliminate, harm. C's absolute prevention contradicts practical care realities, making it the untrue statement.
Anaphylactic reaction after administering penicillin indicates
- A. An acquired atopic sensitization
- B. Passive immunity to penicillin allergen
- C. Antibodies to penicillin developed after earlier use of the drug
- D. Developed potent bivalent antibodies when the IV administration was started
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a severe IgE-mediated allergic reaction, occurring when prior penicillin exposure sensitizes the immune system, forming antibodies. Re-exposure triggers histamine release, causing symptoms like shock or dyspnea. Atopic sensitization relates to predisposition, not specific drug history. Passive immunity involves transferred antibodies, not self-developed ones. Bivalent antibodies forming during IV use is incorrect sensitization precedes administration. Nurses must assess allergy history, preparing for emergencies like epinephrine administration to reverse this life-threatening response.
Mr. Gary relied on the nurse for honest care. This is an example of?
- A. Trust
- B. Sympathy
- C. Health literacy
- D. Care coordination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Relying on honest care is trust (A) confidence in bond, per definition. Sympathy (B) pity, literacy (C) understanding, coordination (D) organization not trust-specific. A fits Mr. Gary's faith in the nurse, making it correct.
A client with iron-deficiency anemia is taking an oral iron supplement. The nurse should tell the client to take the medication with:
- A. Orange juice
- B. Water only
- C. Milk
- D. Apple juice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Orange juice enhances iron absorption in iron-deficiency anemia via vitamin C, reducing ferric to ferrous form for better uptake a proven dietary aid. Milk inhibits it, water or apple juice lack this boost. Nurses teach this pairing, improving hemoglobin levels, optimizing therapy for fatigue and pallor relief.
The nurse is teaching a client who underwent a hypophysectomy for hypopituitarism about self-management. Which actions performed by the client could cause complications on the second post-operative day? Select all that apply.
- A. Nose blowing
- B. Teeth brushing
- C. Bending forward
- D. Lying in a semi-Fowler's position
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-hypophysectomy, nose blowing (A) risks CSF leak or meningitis by disrupting the surgical site. Brushing (B) and semi-Fowler's (D) are safe. Bending (C) is risky but less immediate. A is correct. Rationale: Nasal pressure can breach the pituitary fossa repair, a critical complication in early recovery, per post-operative neurosurgery care, unlike benign actions.