Nokea
Which of the following is the appropriate health promotion question to ask during a review of symptoms?
- A. "Do you use sunscreen while outside?"
- B. "I need to see if your skin is warm and dry."
- C. "Have you experienced any dizziness or headaches?"
- D. "When you cough, what colour is the sputum you bring up?"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Do you use sunscreen while outside?" because it directly relates to health promotion by addressing preventive measures. Sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer and other skin conditions. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on assessing skin condition rather than promoting health. Choice C is incorrect as it relates to symptoms rather than prevention. Choice D is incorrect as it is related to assessing a specific symptom rather than promoting overall health.
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A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following a cesarean section. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
- A. Administering pain medication as prescribed.
- B. Encouraging the patient to breastfeed immediately.
- C. Monitoring for signs of hemorrhage.
- D. Encouraging ambulation to prevent deep vein thrombosis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitoring for signs of hemorrhage. This is the priority intervention because post-cesarean section hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication that requires immediate attention. The nurse should monitor the patient's vital signs, uterine firmness, and amount of vaginal bleeding to detect any signs of hemorrhage and take prompt action if necessary.
Option A is incorrect because pain management is important but not the priority in this situation. Option B is also incorrect as breastfeeding can be encouraged after the patient's condition is stable. Option D is not the priority as preventing deep vein thrombosis is important but not as urgent as monitoring for hemorrhage.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following a knee replacement. The nurse should encourage the patient to perform which of the following exercises to prevent complications?
- A. Quadriceps setting exercises.
- B. Leg lifts with weights.
- C. Isometric muscle contractions.
- D. Active range-of-motion exercises.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quadriceps setting exercises. These exercises help prevent complications by strengthening the quadriceps muscles, which are crucial for knee stability and joint support post-surgery. They also aid in preventing muscle atrophy and promoting blood circulation. Leg lifts with weights (B) may strain the knee joint, leading to complications. Isometric muscle contractions (C) involve static muscle contractions and do not provide the necessary range of motion needed post-knee surgery. Active range-of-motion exercises (D) may be beneficial but should be performed after quadriceps setting exercises to avoid unnecessary strain on the knee joint.
A 19-year-old woman comes to the clinic at the insistence of her brother. She is wearing black combat boots and a black lace nightgown over her other clothes. Her hair is dyed pink with black streaks. She has several piercings in her nares and ears and is wearing an earring on her eyebrow and heavy black makeup. The nurse concludes that:
- A. She probably does not have any problems at all.
- B. She is just trying to shock people, and her appearance should be ignored.
- C. She has manic syndrome because of her abnormal way of dressing and grooming.
- D. More information should be gathered to decide whether her way of dressing is appropriate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because more information should be gathered to assess the situation appropriately. The woman's appearance may suggest alternative lifestyles or personal expression rather than mental health issues. It is essential to avoid assumptions based solely on appearance and gather a comprehensive history to understand her choices. Options A and B are dismissive and judgmental, failing to consider the complexity of human behavior. Option C is incorrect as the presented information does not provide enough evidence to diagnose manic syndrome. In summary, option D is the most logical and ethical approach to understanding the woman's situation without making unfounded assumptions.
A nurse is teaching a patient with asthma about managing triggers. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?
- A. I should avoid exposure to allergens and pollutants.
- B. I should avoid exercising outdoors in cold air.
- C. I should smoke to relieve stress and manage symptoms.
- D. I should use my inhaler before exercise if recommended by my doctor.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I should smoke to relieve stress and manage symptoms." This statement indicates a need for further education because smoking can worsen asthma symptoms. Here's the rationale:
1. Smoking is a common trigger for asthma exacerbations due to irritants in tobacco smoke.
2. Smoking can lead to airway inflammation and constriction, making asthma symptoms more severe.
3. Asthma management involves avoiding smoking and secondhand smoke exposure.
4. Choices A, B, and D are correct as they align with asthma management guidelines to avoid triggers and use inhalers as prescribed.
Which of the following positions is most appropriate for performing an abdominal examination on an obese patient?
- A. Head elevated to 45 degrees
- B. Have the patient lie flat
- C. Place the patient in the supine position
- D. Position the patient on their side
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the patient in the supine position. This position allows optimal access to the abdomen for examination due to gravitational forces aiding in organ palpation. Having the patient lie flat (choice B) may not provide adequate access. Positioning the patient on their side (choice D) may limit visibility and palpation. Elevating the head to 45 degrees (choice A) is unnecessary for an abdominal examination on an obese patient.