Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions

Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Related

Review Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions related questions and content

Which of the following is the medication of choice for anaphylaxis that the nurse should anticipate would be ordered?

  • A. Epinephrine
  • B. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
  • C. Theophylline (Theo-Dur)
  • D. Furosemide (Lasix)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epinephrine is the medication of choice for anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can lead to a rapid drop in blood pressure, airway constriction, and other serious symptoms. Epinephrine acts quickly to reverse these symptoms by constricting blood vessels, relaxing the muscles in the airways, and increasing heart rate. It is administered via an auto-injector device, such as an EpiPen, in cases of severe allergic reactions. Other medications, such as antihistamines and corticosteroids, may be given as adjunct therapy, but epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis. Thus, the nurse should anticipate that epinephrine would be ordered for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis.

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The physician prescribes didanosone (ddl [Videx]), 200mg PO every 12 hours, for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is intolerant to zidovudine (azidothymidine ,AZT [Retrovir]). Which condition in the client's history warrants cautious of this drug?

  • A. Peripheral neuropathy
  • B. Hypertension
  • C. Diabetes mellitus
  • D. Asthma
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Didanosine (ddl or Videx) is an antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. However, one of the notable side effects of didanosine is peripheral neuropathy, which can manifest as tingling, numbness, or pain in the hands and feet. Since the client already has a history of peripheral neuropathy, prescribing didanosine may exacerbate this condition, making it important for the healthcare provider to exercise caution. Monitoring for any signs or symptoms of worsening peripheral neuropathy is essential in this case.

Small round blue cell tumors refer to all the following EXCEPT

  • A. non-Hodgkin lymphoma
  • B. osteosarcoma
  • C. Ewing sarcoma
  • D. rhabdomyosarcoma
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Osteosarcoma does not typically fall under the category of small round blue cell tumors.

A 1-year-old with acute renal failure (ARF) is edematous with minimal urine output. Vital signs: HR 146, BP 176/92, RR 42; the child has nasal flaring and retractions. Despite oral Kayexalate, serum potassium continues to rise. Which treatment will most benefit the child?

  • A. Additional rectal Kayexalate.
  • B. Intravenous furosemide.
  • C. Endotracheal intubation and ventilatory assistance.
  • D. Placement of a Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When ARF deteriorates and electrolyte imbalances worsen, peritoneal dialysis (via a Tenckhoff catheter) is indicated.

A preterm newborn, after spending 8 weeks in the NICU, is being discharged. The parents of the newborn express apprehension and worry that the newborn may still be in danger. How should the nurse interpret these statements?

  • A. Normal
  • B. A reason to postpone discharge
  • C. Suggestive of maladaptation
  • D. Suggestive of inadequate bonding
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: It is normal for parents of preterm newborns who have spent time in the NICU to express apprehension and worry upon discharge. The NICU experience can be stressful and overwhelming for families, and it is common for parents to feel anxious about taking their newborn home. The nurse should provide support and education to help alleviate the parents' concerns and ensure a smooth transition from the hospital to home. It is important to acknowledge the parents' feelings, offer reassurance, and reinforce the importance of follow-up care and monitoring.

Small round blue cell tumors refer to all the following EXCEPT

  • A. non-Hodgkin lymphoma
  • B. osteosarcoma
  • C. Ewing sarcoma
  • D. rhabdomyosarcoma
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Osteosarcoma does not typically fall under the category of small round blue cell tumors.

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